Production and properties of transuranium elements

Nagame, Y.; Hirata, Masaru

doi:10.1524/ract.2011.1853

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…1 in the contribution by Y. Nagame and M. Hirata to this special issue [15]) with a shifted position with respect to the other actinides reflects the fact that, due to a large delocalization of their 5 f electron orbitals, the 5 f electrons take part in their chemistry, a feature that is much less pronounced in the 4 f series of the lanthanides. This makes Th a pseudohomolog of the group-4 elements Zr and Hf, Pa a pseudohomolog of Nb and Ta, and, to a decreasing extent, U, Np, and Pu pseudo-homologs in groups 6, 7, and 8, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Aqueous-phase chemistry of the transactinides

Kratz¹

2011

Radiochimica Acta

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Rapid automated chemical separations / Liquid-liquid extraction / Ion exchange /Reversed-phase extraction chromatography / α-particle spectroscopy / Relativistic effects Summary. The experimental techniques developed to perform rapid chemical separations of the heaviest elements in the aqueous phase are presented. In general, these include transport of the nuclear reaction products to a separation device by the gas-jet technique and dissolution in an aqueous solution containing inorganic ligands for complex formation. The complexes are chemically characterized by a partition method which can be liquid-liquid extraction, ion-exchangeor reversed-phase extraction chromatography. The separated fractions are quickly evaporated to dryness for the preparation of samples for α-particle spectroscopy. Comments are given on the special situation in which chemistry has to be studied with single atoms. Theoretical predictions of chemical properties are compared to the presently known chemical behaviour of rutherfordium, Rf (element 104), dubnium, Db (element 105), seaborgium, Sg (element 106), and hassium, Hs (element 108) and to that of their lighter homologs in the Periodic Table in order to assess the role of relativistic effects in the chemistry of the heaviest elements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Aqueous-phase chemistry of the transactinides

Kratz¹

2011

Radiochimica Acta

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“…The elements einsteinium and fermium were first synthesized in a thermonuclear explosion (see for example, ref. [12]). For elements beyond that, up to Z = 106, heavier projectiles as carbon or oxygen and actinide targets were used.…”

Section: Methods To Synthesize New Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of the Heaviest Elements

Heßberger¹

2013

ChemPhysChem

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The search for new superheavy elements (SHEs) is at present one of the most exciting adventures in nuclear physics. Thanks to enhanced experimental techniques, the synthesis of elements Z=113 to 118 in reactions using (48)Ca projectiles and targets made of isotopes of the elements neptunium to californium has been claimed. Discovery of the elements Z=114 (named flerovium) and Z=116 (named livermorium) has been accepted by the IUPAC. The others are waiting. The situation for element 113 is particular; here claims on discovery come from groups from RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan and FLNR-JINR, Dubna, Russia.

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“…58 Emission profiles of uranyl complexes are sensitive to coordination environment and to ligand donor strength. 60 5 ] 2+ inclusive has been studied in both gaseous and aqueous phases, as well as in the protein Tetrabrachion. 60 5 ] 2+ inclusive has been studied in both gaseous and aqueous phases, as well as in the protein Tetrabrachion.…”

Section: Uranium Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%