Production and Secretion of Isowighteone in Hairy Root Cultures of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) Co-Treated with Multiple Elicitors

Abstract

Cajaninstilbene acid (CSA) is a prenylated stilbenoid derivative that exhibits neuroprotective, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. To establish a bioproduction system for this bioactive compound, hairy root cultures of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) were developed via Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation. The cultures were co-treated with methyl jasmonate, cyclodextrin, hydrogen peroxide, and magnesium chloride to enhance the production of CSA. The amount of CSA that accumulated in the culture medium upon elicitation varied with the period of elicitation. CSA was purified from extracts of the culture medium by semi-preparative HPLC, and its identity was confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. After 144 h of elicitation in 12-day-old hairy root culture, the total yield of CSA was 8058.618 ± 445.78 μg/g DW, of which approximately 96% was found in the culture medium. The yield of CSA in the elicited hairy root culture was approximately 277-fold higher than in the non-elicited root culture. The difference between the phenotypes of the elicited and non-elicited pigeon pea hairy roots was studied using scanning electron microscopy. The non-elicited hairy roots had uniform surfaces whereas the elicited roots had non-uniform shapes. Pigeon pea hairy roots provide a sustainable platform for producing and studying the biosynthesis of CSA.

Elicitation of Stilbenes and Benzofuran Derivatives in Hairy Root Cultures of White Mulberry (Morus alba)

“…Overall, enhanced production of prenylated stilbenoids was observed in peanut hairy root cultures co-treated with CD, MeJA, H 2 O 2 , and MgCl 2 [ 40 , 50 , 51 ]. Similarly, pigeon pea hairy root cultures co-treated with CD, MeJA, H 2 O 2 , and MgCl 2 showed high production of the bioactive prenylated flavonoid isowighteone [ 52 ]. In the current study, we established new M. alba hairy root cultures and treated the best growing line with three different combinations of elicitors to assess the effect on the yield of known bioactive phenolics (i.e., stilbenes and aryl benzofurans).…”

Hairy Root Cultures as a Source of Polyphenolic Antioxidants: Flavonoids, Stilbenoids and Hydrolyzable Tannins

“…Almost 96% of the compound was secreted into the medium; thus, 7.7 mg/g DW of the product was extracted from the medium and the remaining 0.35 mg/g DW originated from the biomass. In the control roots, content of cajaninstilbene acid was 0.03 mg/g DW and the product could not be detected in the extract from the nutrient medium [ 210 ].…”

Correction: Gajurel et al. Production and Secretion of Isowighteone in Hairy Root Cultures of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) Co-Treated with Multiple Elicitors. Plants 2022, 11, 834

“…In the original publication [ 1 ], there was a mistake in the Title, Table 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Table 2 , and Figure 6 , as published. The name of the compound cajaninstilbene acid was not correct and has been replaced with isowighteone.…”