Production and suppression of delayed light in NaI(Tl) scintillators

Sutanto, F.; Xu, J.; Pereverzev, Sergey; Bernstein, Adam

doi:10.1103/physrevd.107.032010

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…We also expected [4] that after-luminescence can be suppressed by exposure to red or IR light, as such exposure suppresses thermally stimulated luminescence in alkali-metal halides [28]. We have found [27] that exposure to UV light results in delayed luminescence response lasting several days, and that exposure to energetic electrons from a 60 Co source leads to delayed luminescence lasting several hours, see Fig. 1.…”

Section: Delayed Luminescence In Nai(tl)mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…This looks like an up-conversion effect we expect to see for the SOC-like dynamics. As no other information is provided by the company, we tried to reproduce these experiments [27]. We also expected [4] that after-luminescence can be suppressed by exposure to red or IR light, as such exposure suppresses thermally stimulated luminescence in alkali-metal halides [28].…”

Section: Delayed Luminescence In Nai(tl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leakage into the "particle-like" domain was dependent on the left-right coincidence interval, the length of the photon counting window, and a choice of "separate event" criteria, i.e., the absence of photons for some time before and after the event. Though these cuts strongly reduce the number of "candidate particle-like events", we can see leakage into the "particle domain" [27]. A more detailed analysis with an exact replication of DAMA-LIBRA algorithms is required to quantitatively characterize this leakage under different conditions.…”

Section: Delayed Luminescence In Nai(tl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our current model for the immediate and delayed luminescence responses could be insufficiently accurate: it could be missing photon bunching and/or modulations by environmental effects (could be slow seasonal temperature variations, like [30], or fast variations of atmospheric pressure during rainy seasons). Figure 1: The delayed light intensity in NaI(Tl) [27] was monitored over time following UV exposure (a, solid black line) and Co-60 irradiation (a, dashed blue line). Three hours after the UV exposure, the crystal was exposed to red light (a, solid red line); and a pronounced decrease in the afterglow intensity was observed.…”

Section: Delayed Luminescence In Nai(tl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dark matter searches and energy accumulation and release in materials

Pereverzev

2023

SciPost Phys. Proc.

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Efforts to identify dark matter by detecting nuclear recoils produced by dark matter particles reveal low-energy backgrounds of unknown origin in different types of detectors. In many cases, energy accumulation and delayed burst-like releases of stored energy could provide an explanation. These dynamics follow Prigogine’s ideas on systems with energy flow and the general Self-Organized Criticality scenario. We compare these models with properties of excess backgrounds in cryogenic solid-state detectors, relaxation processes in glasses and crystals, our observations of delayed luminescence in NaI(Tl), and make predictions for more phenomena present in these systems and in superconducting photon detectors and qubits. Experiments to create accurate phenomenological models are needed.

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Section: Delayed Luminescence In Nai(tl)mentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Delayed Luminescence In Nai(tl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Delayed Luminescence In Nai(tl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Delayed Luminescence In Nai(tl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dark matter searches and energy accumulation and release in materials

Pereverzev

2023

SciPost Phys. Proc.

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“…Both ANAIS-112 and COSINE-100 apply event selection procedures to reject events after a muon is crossing the set up. Several works [63,64] consider the possibility of radiation-induced delayed light emission leaking through DAMA/LIBRA event selection cuts, which could pass a coincidence trigger and be mistakenly categorized as keV-scale NaI(Tl) scintillation events, prompting again the consideration of seasonal-modulated external sources as a possible explanation for the DAMA/LIBRA signal.…”

Section: Model-independent Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Dark Matter Searches Using Sodium Iodide Targets: Status and Prospects

2024

JAIS

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Thallium-Activated Sodium Iodide (NaI(Tl)) scintillators have been widely used for radiation detection since the middle of the XX th century, being applied, for instance, in nuclear medicine, environmental monitoring, nuclear physics, aerial survey, well logging, homeland security, etc. Among other remarkable features, NaI(Tl) offers a very high intrinsic scintillation light yield and ease of growing large-size crystals. On the other hand, the hygroscopic character of the material complicates the manipulation and requires a tight housing of the detector system preventing humidity from reaching the crystal. Energy ranges from a few keV to several MeV are accessible with state-of-the-art technology, using Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs) for the light readout. These detectors have been successfully applied since the nineties of the XX th century in the direct search for dark matter in the form of hypothetical WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) pervading the galactic halo. WIMPs could explain the galactic dynamics and the 26% of the Universe matter-energy content required to explain the cosmic microwave background radiation anisotropies, and many other cosmological observations, within the standard ΛCDM cosmological model. DAMA/LIBRA experiment, taking data at Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS), in Italy, and using NaI(Tl) detectors, has observed for more than twenty years an annual modulation in the detection rate. This modulation shares all the features expected for the galactic dark matter signal. However, no other experiment has observed any hint supporting the interpretation in terms of dark matter particle interactions of the DAMA/LIBRA result, which seems very difficult to reconcile with the plethora of negative results from different experiments (using different targets and techniques). Only very recently, three-sigma sensitivity to DAMA/LIBRA result is at hand using the same target material, NaI(Tl). This allows us to cancel all the signal dependencies on the particle dark matter model and the dark halo model, enabling a model independent evaluation of that result. In this article, experimental efforts using NaI(Tl) detectors aiming at testing the DAMA/LIBRA signal will be briefly revised, as well as the results released, data-taking status, possible systematics affecting this testing, and sensitivity prospects for the near future. Finally, some R&D efforts toward the development of new experimental approaches using either NaI(Tl) or undoped NaI crystals will be revised in the context of the solving of the DAMA/LIBRA puzzle on annual modulation but also moving forward to other possible applications.

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