The preparation of recyclable multifunctional biobased
cross-linked
polymers for different application environments and reducing dependence
on petroleum products are important for sustainable development. Herein,
we successfully synthesized a series of environmentally friendly,
shape memory, adhesion, self-healing, and recyclable biobased polyester
networks using 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and 5,5′-((dodecylazanediyl)bis(methylene))bis(furan-5,2-diyl))dimethanol
(DoDM) derived from renewable materials by introducing reversible
Diels–Alder bonds with the addition of bismaleimide (BMI).
Profiting from the freely rotating difuran ring group in DoDM, the
cross-linked network with tunable thermal and mechanical properties
can be constructed and present fascinating versatility. A kinetic
analysis suggests that the reaction follows second-order kinetics,
and the calculated activation energy is 48.1 kJ/mol with an optimal
temperature of 60 °C. Different cross-linking densities of PDoF/BMI
networks result in glass transition temperatures varying from 19 to
47 °C, tensile moduli from 22 to 529 MPa, and elongations at
break from 5 to 120%. The PDoF/BMI network has a good shape memory
performance: it can be fixed to a temporary shape below T
g and restored to its original shape by heating above T
g, with a shape recovery rate of up to 98%.
In addition, the PDoF/BMI 10:1 polymer network can be used as a solvent-free
adhesive with strong adhesion to glass (3.1 ± 0.5 kPa). The dynamic
bond provides a self-healing response that can repair the surface
scratch damage and contribute to 87% of the tensile stress recovery.
Meanwhile, the PDoF/BMI film can be recovered after shredding, implying
the good recyclability of the PDoF/BMI polymer. Therefore, the PDoF/BMI
polymer, as a biobased multifunctional environmentally friendly material,
has potential application prospects in a wide range of practical fields.