Production by Pyrolysis and Analysis of Bio-oil from Mahogany Wood (Swietenia macrophylla)

Chukwuneke, J. L.; Sinebe, Jude E.; Ugwuegbu, D; Agulonu, C

doi:10.9734/bjast/2016/24551

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The majority of functional groups were identified by researchers working with other biomass classes. [3,31,5,6] and their classifications are similar to those reported in this study. These results indicate the presence of hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers and phenolic compounds which suggest that the feedstocks can be used as biogas and fertilizers industries.…”

Section: The Existence Of a Broad Absorption Bandsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Hence, the global call for alternative source of energy that is non-polluting, cheap and sustainable to reduce the over dependence on fossil fuel. The use of non-convectional energy is essential to alleviate global warming and to achieve the global call for greener energy [4,5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In rural areas, farmers predominantly cultivate maize, plantain, yam, among others, choosing a source of waste that can be converted to bioenergy becomes essential. Recently, Nigerian government work towards diversifying the economy through providing incentives for farmers, there is great need to tackle the challenges associated with waste management by researching on feasibility and accelerating ways of converting these biodegradable waste materials to bioenergy and manure to enhance the environment, energy and food securities [5,6,10]. This can be achieved by employing science and technology in developing new ways of utilizing, accelerating and extending the biogas shelf-life using alternative means.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogas Yielding Potential of Maize Chaff Inoculated with Cow Rumen and Its Characterization

Iweka

Owuama

2020

JENRR

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Human Life on earth is driven by energy and with the global challenge on best ways to manage waste, there is need to convert organic waste to bioenergy which will help reduce the rate of environmental pollution and over dependence on conventional source of energy. In this investigation maize chaff were inoculated with cow rumen using different concentration ratios (S/I) of 1:1, 1: 1.55, 1:3.5 for 25, 31 and 37 days Retention Time (RT) as design by Central Composite Face Centered Design to optimize the process and predict the best response. The result obtained shows that the mixture ratio of 0.65 (1:1.55) for 31 days gave the optimum yield while 0.65 mixing ratio for 37 days gave the maximum yield at 0.42L under mesophilic (20°C to 45°C) condition. The Flash point of the cummulative maximum yield was -164°C which is really flammable. The model F-value is 95.03, p-values is < 0.0001 which is less than 0.05 and both values indicate model terms are significant. Lack of Fit F-value of 0.43 implies the fitting effect is good. Its R2 value of 0.9855 is very close to 1 which is good. In addition, the biogas products were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The FTIR analyzes showed the presence of Alcohol and was further proven by 69% methane gotten as indicated by the GC-MS. Thus, the result shows high methane yield, flammability and suitability for maize chaff inoculated with cow rumen for energy production.

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Section: The Existence Of a Broad Absorption Bandsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogas Yielding Potential of Maize Chaff Inoculated with Cow Rumen and Its Characterization

Iweka

Owuama

2020

JENRR

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“…Pyrolysis process procedures used are as described by Suyati et al. (2015) and Chukwuneke et al, (2016). The pulverized mahogany wood waste sample (prepared as described above) was weighed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-chemical analysis of pyrolyzed bio-oil from swietenia macrophylla (mahogany) wood

Chukwuneke

Ewulonu

Chukwujike

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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The Swietenia macrophylla wood used for the study was sun dried for about 48 h, pulverized using a hammer mill and then sieved to a particle size of about 425μm using Wiley milling machine. The prepared materials were pyrolyzed in a fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor in the temperature range from 425 to 500 °C. The product yields were collected at an interval of 25 °C. The maximum yield of bio-oil was recorded as 69.5wt.% at the pyrolysis temperature of 450 °C. The physicochemical properties and compositions of the feed materials and produced bio-oil were measured in order to quantify their potential for bio-energy use and industrial applications. The properties specifically measured include density, moisture content, ash content, pH, refractive index, cetane index, elemental composition, viscosity, and heating values. The ultimate analysis of the product showed that the contents of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur were 50.2%, 42.6%, 6.6%, <0.4% and <0.06% respectively. The viscosity, density, pH, moisture content, API gravity, ash content, HHV and LHV of bio-oil produced were found to be 4.6 mm 2 /s, 0.951 g/ml, 5.64, 21.4wt.%, 19.29, 0.15wt%, 29.52 MJ/kg and 28.08 MJ/kg respectively. These values were found to be in the ranges of values reported in the literature for bio-oils produced from biomass. The produced bio-oil had the much needed organic compounds typical of other woody biomass employed in commercial bio-oil manufacture. These compounds were classified into several groups; organic acids, ketones, phenols, alcohols, and aldehydes. The main components identified in the bio-oil are the aromatic and aliphatic compounds as well as carboxyl groups. The GCMS analysis of the product indicated the presence of 24 compounds which are useful as industrial chemicals and flammable gases: they include alkanes, alkenes, phenols, hydrogen, and levoglucosan. This study on bio-oil has demonstrated that mahogany wood is a useful biomass for the much sort potential fossil fuel substitute and finds vast application in the biofuel industry.

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“…Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is an excellent tool for the functional group analysis and the identification of organic compounds. 15 Essentially, by applying infrared radiation (IR) to samples of materials, FTIR analysis measures a sample's absorbance of infrared light at various wavelengths to determine the material's molecular composition and structure. Figure 2 shows the IR spectrum for palm fruit fibre.…”

Section: Fourier-transformed Infraredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of hybridised cane wood–palm fruit fibre frictional material

Achebe

Obika

Chukwuneke

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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A brake pad has been developed employing a hybrid of cane wood and palm fruit fibre as filler material. The filler materials were extracted and processed; however, the palm fruit fibre was further treated with NaOH to remove oil remnants. After proper drying, the filler materials were ground and sieved into 150 µm particle size. The experimental design was set up using Central Composite Design in Design Expert software. The design varied the percentage composition of the filler materials and the binder. At constant press time of 8 min, press temperature of 160 ℃ and curing time of 2 h, 20 test samples were produced and tested for mechanical and physical properties. These include hardness, wear rate and water absorption. The Fourier transform infrared analyses showed that both cane wood and palm fruit fibres have active alcohol (O–H) and amine (C–N) functional groups. The experimental results were analysed and optimised using response surface methodology and validated using the analysis of variance tool of the Design Expert software. An optimal 30% resin, 3.48% palm fruit fibre and 6.52% cane wood composition by mass was developed, which gave a product with 98.25 MPa hardness, 4.13 mg/m wear rate and 0.494% water absorption. This result indicated that hybridised cane wood–palm fruit fibre is a good filler material for brake pad production.

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Production by Pyrolysis and Analysis of Bio-oil from Mahogany Wood (Swietenia macrophylla)

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Biogas Yielding Potential of Maize Chaff Inoculated with Cow Rumen and Its Characterization

Biogas Yielding Potential of Maize Chaff Inoculated with Cow Rumen and Its Characterization

Physico-chemical analysis of pyrolyzed bio-oil from swietenia macrophylla (mahogany) wood

Optimisation of hybridised cane wood–palm fruit fibre frictional material

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