“…Decades ago when hydrocarbons were primarily produced from conventional onshore fields, flow-assurance-related operational issues were less pronounced. However, with the significant developments in offshore deepwater and shale fields in the past two decades, the associated flow assurance challenges greatly threaten oilfield operational integrity and safety (Mackay et al, 2005;Vazquez et al, 2016;Vankeuren et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2017a;Chang et al, 2019). Common oilfield flow assurance threats include gas hydrate blockage, mineral scale formation, asphaltene deposition, pipe corrosion, and wax (paraffin) formation (Gao et al, 2006;Kelland, 2006Kelland, , 2011Kelland, , 2014Frenier and Ziauddin, 2008;Zerpa et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2018;Qasim et al, 2019).…”