Production, Interior Egg Quality and Some Physiological Effects of Feeding Raw Soybean Meal to Laying Hens

Pancreatic Hypertrophy in Laying Pullets Induced by Unheated Soybean Meal

“…Saxena et al (1963) confirmed the finding of Fisher et al (1957) that unheated soybean meal, adequately supplemented with methionine and vitamin B12, does not depress rate of lay when fed as the primary source of protein in semi-purified diets. Furthermore, Saxena et al (1963) reported no effect of unheated meal on body or pancreas weight of laying pullets.…”

“…Saxena et al (1963) confirmed the finding of Fisher et al (1957) that unheated soybean meal, adequately supplemented with methionine and vitamin B12, does not depress rate of lay when fed as the primary source of protein in semi-purified diets. Furthermore, Saxena et al (1963) reported no effect of unheated meal on body or pancreas weight of laying pullets. In contrast, the data presented herein indicate that unheated meal, when fed as the sole source of protein and amino acids, does depress egg production and body weight as well as induce pancreatic hypertrophy and increase the moisture content of pancreatic tissue.…”

“…Possibly the sample of heated meal prepared by Saxena et al (1963) (autoclaved 30 minutes at atmospheric pressure) contained more residual pancreatic stimulating activity than the commercial heated soybean meal used in the present study. Saxena et al (1963) supplemented their diets with .5 percent DL-methionine, whereas no supplementation was used in the present experiments. Although supplemental methionine does not prevent pancreatic hypertrophy in chicks fed unheated meal, Saxena et al (1961), this apparently has not been investigated for mature pullets.…”

“…Wet pancreas weights were .306 and .343 percent of body weight when Saxena et al (1963) fed unheated and heated meal, respectively, at the 17 percent protein level. Only the highest (27 percent) level of unheated meal protein produced comparable weights in the present study.…”

The Use of Raw and Extruded Soybeans in Layer Diets

“…It should be noted that the amount of methionine added to the extruded and raw soybean diets was somewhat less than the amount used by Fisher et al (1957), Saxena et al (1963), andSalman et al (1968) but similar to the amount used by Summers et al (1966). The maximum levels of sulfur amino acids used in this study were 0.54% as compared to the N.R.C.…”