Production of a NiO/Al primary battery employing powder‐based electrodes

Abstract

This paper describes the use of aluminum and zinc as anodic materials for a battery employing nickel (II) oxide (NiO) as cathode. Comparison of both materials resulted in the development of a compact, cost effective and easy to use primary NiO/Al battery employing an alkaline electrolyte. The system features electrodes composed of powder forms of the active materials on modified paper substrates that are contained in a simple multilayer design utilizing thin laminated plastic materials to provide structure and flexibility to the battery as well as a paper separator. Various concentrations of potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte were examined and maximum performance was observed at 6 M KOH. A maximum current density and power density of 1.94 mA/cm 2 and 1.00 mW/cm 2 , respectively was achieved. This user-friendly device was able to produce a maximum capacity of 2.33 mAh/g when 2 mA/g was applied. This work demonstrates the viability of a paper-based battery featuring powder electrodes as a possible power source for microelectronic devices.

Highly Reactive Thermite Energetic Materials: Preparation, Characterization, and Applications: A Review

“…Until now, energetic materials, particularly tEMs, have been extensively reported and fabricated via different preparation methods, owing to their wide range of application, which include the defense industry, detonators [ 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 ], igniters [ 132 , 133 ], gas sensors [ 77 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 ], thin-film battery [ 138 ] and chip adhesive [ 139 ]. Beyond that, the design of an all-solid-state lithium/electrolyte interface was realized by inducing an energetic reaction between metal fuel and nitrate, showing high capacity, small overpotential, high efficiency, and a long cycle life [ 140 ].…”

Literature Review of the Use of Zinc and Zinc Compounds in Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices

“…Burrola et al [70] presented an alkaline nickel oxide hydroxide/zinc battery with a zinc anode cut from commercially available sheets.…”