Production of amylase by the intestinal bacteria of Japanese coastal animals

Abstract

The amylase-producing ability of intestinal bacteria in one marine crab and seven fish species was determined. Mean total viable counts ranged from 1.3 x lo5 to 1.5 x lo8 cfu g-', and Vibrionaceae were predominant in all specimens. Of 1585 strains examined, 341 (21.5%) produced 2 0 . 0 1 U amylase ml-'. Percentage of producers ( 2 0 . 0 1 U ml-') differed among genera/families. High abilities (20-05 U ml-') were found i n 1*4-3-6% of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas and Vibrionaceae strains. O n the other hand, percentage of producers varied with animal species. These results reveal that the amylase producers were widely distributed in the digestive tracts of coastal animals including crabs and fish, irrespective of their food habitats.

Effect of dietary probiotic Biogen�supplementation as a growth promoter on growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.)

“…Probiotics actively inhibit the colonization of potential pathogens in the digestive tract by antibiosis or by competition for nutrients and space, and alteration of the microbial metabolism. It also improves the nutrition by detoxifying the potentially harmful compounds in feeds, by denaturing the potentially indigestible components in the diet by hydrolytic enzymes including amylases and proteases, by producing vitamins, such as biotin and vitamin B12 (Fuller & Turvy 1971; Parker 1974; Sugita, Takahashi & Deguchi 1992; Smoragiewicz, Bielecka, Babuchowski, Boutard & Dubeau 1993; Sugita, Kawasaki, Kumazawa & Deguchi 1996; Hoshino, Ishizaki, Sakamoto, Kumeta, Yumoto, Matsuyama & Ohgiya 1997), by producing inhibitory compounds (Spanggaard, Huber, Nielsen, Sick, Pipper, Martinussen Slierendrecht & Gram 2001) and by stimulating host immunity (Fuller 1992; Gibson, Saavendra, MacFarlane & MacFarlane 1997).…”

Impacts of diet on hindgut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

“…Similarly, Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae isolated from marine fish, and Clostridium sp. in freshwater fish, produce amylase that enables the host to digest dietary starch (Sugita, Kawasaki & Deguchi, ; Sugita, Kawasaki, Kumazawa & Deguchi, ).…”

Growth, body composition, intestinal enzyme activities and microflora of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpiovar. Jian) fed graded levels of dietary valine

“…Sugita et al . () indicated that the bacteria in marine crab digestive tract secreted amylase. Amino acids can be used by microorganisms for construction of specific cell proteins or can undergo transformations leading to produce different metabolic substances (Ringø & Birkbeck ).…”