Production of astaxanthin at moderate temperature in <i>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</i> using a two‐step process

Liu, Shiwen; Liu, Bingnan; Wang, Han; Xiao, Shan; Y, Li; Wang, Jihui

doi:10.1002/elsc.201800065

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These data showed the unique aspect of the metabolic regulation of astaxanthin synthesis in X. dendrorhous . The optimal temperature for the growth of X. dendrorhous is at 18–22°C and higher temperature over 22°C often decreases astaxanthin production in X. dendrorhous (Ducrey Sanpietro & Kula, 1998 ; Liu et al, 2018 ; Miao et al, 2021 ). The carbon and nitrogen concentrations in culture medium also strongly affect astaxanthin production by X. dendrorhous (Pan et al, 2017 ; Ramirez et al, 2001 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GATA transcription factor WC2 regulates the biosynthesis of astaxanthin in yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous

Huang

Ding

Liu

et al. 2022

Microbial Biotechnology

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Astaxanthin is a type of carotenoid widely used as powerful antioxidant and colourant in aquaculture and the poultry industry. Production of astaxanthin by yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous has attracted increasing attention due to high cell density and low requirements of water and land compared to photoautotrophic algae. Currently, the regulatory mechanisms of astaxanthin synthesis in X. dendrorhous remain obscure. In this study, we obtained a yellow X. dendrorhous mutant by Atmospheric and Room Temperature Plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis and sequenced its genome. We then identified a putative GATA transcription factor, white collar 2 (XdWC2), from the comparative genome data and verified that disruption of the XdWC2 gene resulted in a similar carotenoid profile to that of the ARTP mutant. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis and yeast one‐hybrid (Y1H) assay showed that XdWC2 regulated the expression of phytoene desaturase gene CrtI and astaxanthin synthase gene CrtS. The yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H) assay demonstrated that XdWC2 interacted with white collar 1 (XdWC1) forming a heterodimer WC complex (WCC) to regulate the expression of CrtI and CrtS. Increase of the transcriptional levels of XdWC2 or CrtS in the wild‐type strain did not largely modify the carotenoid profile, indicating translational and/or post‐translational regulations involved in the biosynthesis of astaxanthin. Overexpression of CrtI in both the wild‐type strain and the XdWC2‐disrupted strain apparently improved the production of monocyclic carotenoid 3‐hydroxy‐3′, 4′‐didehydro‐β, ψ‐carotene‐4‐one (HDCO) rather than β‐carotene and astaxanthin. The regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis by XdWC2 presented here provides the foundation for further understanding the global regulation of astaxanthin biosynthesis and guides the construction of astaxanthin over‐producing strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GATA transcription factor WC2 regulates the biosynthesis of astaxanthin in yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous

Huang

Ding

Liu

et al. 2022

Microbial Biotechnology

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“…The resulting characteristic red cell powder was kept at −80 °C until further use. Astaxanthin was extracted as described in the previous work [11]. Then 100 ml of X. dendrorhous culture broth were centrifuged at 5000× g for 5 min to collect cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, compared with other carotenoids, astaxanthin showed the greatest antioxidant activity [10]. For (3R,3′R)-astaxanthin, X. dendrorhous is one of the few natural sources and is a very promising candidate for commercial production, as it is well accessible by bioprocess engineering and costs less [11]. It is therefore conceivable that the biological activities of X. dendrorhous -derived astaxanthin will expand the application of astaxanthin, especially for medical purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous-Derived Astaxanthin Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Obese Mice Induced by A High-Fat Diet

et al. 2019

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Astaxanthin is an important antioxidant with many biological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, and immuno-modulatory activities. Most of these biological activities are derived from (3S,3′S)-astaxanthin, while the activities of (3R,3′R)-astaxanthin are rarely reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of (3R,3′R)-astaxanthin on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in mice fed with a high-fat diet. In this work, 40 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 8 groups fed a high-fat diet supplemented or not with (3R,3′R)-astaxanthin or Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous for 8 weeks. The weight gain, energy intake, fat index, plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterol, liver triacylglycerol and cholesterol, and gut microbiota were determined. The results showed that the addition of (3R,3′R)-astaxanthin/X. dendrorhous to the high-fat diet as a supplement prevented weight gain, reduced plasma and liver triacylglycerol, and decreased plasma and liver total cholesterol. The addition of (3R,3′R)-astaxanthin/X. dendrorhous also regulated the gut microbiota of the mice, which optimized the ratio of Bacteroides to Firmicutes and increased the content of Verrucomicrobia, especially Akkermansia. The changes in the gut microflora achieved a healthier structure, thus reducing the incidence of obesity. Thus (3R,3′R)-Astaxanthin has the function of regulating lipid metabolism and gut microbiota to prevent obesity caused by a high-fat diet. The production strain of (3R,3′R)-astaxanthin, X. dendrorhous, has the same function as astaxanthin in preventing obesity caused by a high-fat diet, which reflects its potential ability as a probiotic drug.

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“…However, obtaining a maximal production by controlling a constant temperature in the whole fermentation is difficult. An efficient method for solving this problem is the use of a two-stage control strategy for simultaneously acquiring optimal temperatures for cell growth and product formation (Liu et al 2018;Feng et al 2016;Zhang et al 2016;Lee et al 2015;Zhen et al 2013;Wei et al 2012;Peng et al 2010). Recently, two-stage control strategies have been widely applied in many fermentations of desired metabolites (Si et al 2017;Wang et al 2016;Dias et al 2015;Ying et al 2014;Zheng et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated strategy of temperature shift and mannitol feeding for enhanced production of echinocandin B by Aspergillus nidulans CCTCC M2012300

et al. 2019

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The production of echinocandin B (ECB) by Aspergillus nidulans CCTCC M2012300 was improved by integrating the temperature-shift and fed-batch control strategies. The kinetic characteristics of batch cultures were analyzed at different culture temperatures, and then a two-stage temperature control strategy was established. In the first 6 days, the temperature was maintained at 30 °C to obtain the maximal cell growth rate; subsequently, 25 °C was used to gain a high ECB formation rate. On the basis of temperature control, the ECB productivity was increased to 143.3 mg/(L day), which was a 1.3-fold improvement compared with the optimal constant-temperature cultivations. The influences of fed-batch cultures were further investigated. A maximal ECB productivity of 170.8 mg/(L day) was obtained through a three-stage mannitol pulse-feeding strategy, which was another 1.2-fold improvement than that of the batch fermentation. This is the first report of the use of a two-stage temperature control fed-batch strategy in ECB fermentation. This strategy was simple and economical to operate and may provide new guidance for the industrial-scale production of ECB.

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Production of astaxanthin at moderate temperature in Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous using a two‐step process

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

GATA transcription factor WC2 regulates the biosynthesis of astaxanthin in yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous

GATA transcription factor WC2 regulates the biosynthesis of astaxanthin in yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous

Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous-Derived Astaxanthin Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Obese Mice Induced by A High-Fat Diet

Integrated strategy of temperature shift and mannitol feeding for enhanced production of echinocandin B by Aspergillus nidulans CCTCC M2012300

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