Production of Benthic Foraminifera in Three East Pacific Oxygen Minima

Phleger, Fred B.; Soutar, Andrew

doi:10.2307/1484973

Cited by 251 publications

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“…Low-diversity benthic foraminifer assemblages dominated by a few species of Bolivina and Bulimina in unusually high numbers were previously described from recent oxygen-depleted environments by Phleger and Soutar (1973), Basov (1979), Sen Gupta et al (1981). Recent benthic foraminifer assemblages within the upper part of an intense oxygen minimum zone on the outer shelf of the northwest Arabian Sea were also found to be dominated by Bolivina pygmaea and Bulimina sp.…”

Section: Assemblagementioning

confidence: 58%

TuronianSantonian benthic foraminifer assemblages from Site 959D (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin, equatorial Atlantic): indication of a Late Cretaceous oxygen minimum zone

Holbourn¹,

Kuhnt²

1998

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, 159 Scientific Results

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Turonian-Santonian organic-rich fissile black claystones with laminated intervals from Hole 959D on the Côte d'IvoireGhana Transform Margin, drilled during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 159, contain benthic foraminifer assemblages dominated by buliminid associations. The lower Turonian assemblage from Core 159-959D-68R is strongly dominated by Bolivina anambra, Praebulimina sp. 1, Praebulimina sp. 2, Praebulimina sp. 3, and Gavelinella spp. The upper Turonian to lower Coniacian assemblage from Core 159-959D-67R displays low abundance and low diversity and consists mostly of organically cemented agglutinated taxa and/or some corroded tests of Lenticulina, Bolivina, Gyroidinoides ex gr. nitidus. The middle Coniacian to lower Santonian assemblage from Core 159-959D-66R and from the base of Core 159-959D-65R contains high numbers of Praebulimina robusta, Praebulimina fang, Neobulimina subregularis, and Buliminella cf. gabonica, but shows marked fluctuations in abundance and diversity, which appear to be related to changes in total organic carbon. The distinct composition of the two buliminid associations in Core 159-959D-68R and Core 159-959D-66R suggests that endemism was stronger during the early Turonian, when circulation was probably more restricted and connections between equatorial Atlantic basins were limited. We interpret the late Coniacian-early Santonian depositional environment to be an oxygen minimum zone in a more open marine outer shelf or upper slope setting. A sudden increase in the proportion of deep-water agglutinated foraminifers in Sample 159-959D-65R-5, 30−34 cm, points to rapid deepening during the early Santonian. The higher diversity and the abundance of cosmopolitan taxa in samples from Cores 159-959D-66R and 159-959D-65R indicate that deep circulation between the North and South Atlantic was well established by the middle Coniacian to early Santonian.

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Section: Assemblagementioning

confidence: 58%

TuronianSantonian benthic foraminifer assemblages from Site 959D (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin, equatorial Atlantic): indication of a Late Cretaceous oxygen minimum zone

Holbourn¹,

Kuhnt²

1998

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, 159 Scientific Results

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“…Harpacticoid copepods are the most sensitive meiofauna taxa to low oxygen concentrations (De Troch et al 2013). Mechanisms that allow foraminiferans to live in hypoxic/anoxic sediments are: (1) optimisation of oxygen capture (by smaller dimension and thinner and more porous shell ;Bradshaw 1961;Phleger and Soutar 1973;Perez-Cruz and Machain-Castillo 1990;Sen Gupta and Machain-Castillo 1993;Bernhard and Sen Gupta 1999;Gooday et al 2000;Levin 2003); (2) the presence of bacterial endosymbionts (e.g. Bernhard 2003); (3) the sequestration of chloroplasts (Bernhard and Bowser 1999;Grzymski et al 2002); (4) the proliferation of peroxisomes and mitochondria (Bernhard and Bowser 2008); and (5) the respiration of stored nitrate (Risgaard-Petersen et al 2006;Woulds et al 2007;Gooday et al 2009a, b;Piña-Ochoa et al 2010a, b;Glock et al 2012;Koho and Piña-Ochoa 2012;Mallon et al 2012;Fontanier et al 2014a).…”

Section: Adaptation Of Meiofauna To Hypoxia and Anoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of meiofauna in extreme marine ecosystems: a review

et al. 2017

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Extreme marine environments cover more than 50% of the Earth's surface and offer many opportunities for investigating the biological responses and adaptations of organisms to stressful life conditions. Extreme marine environments are sometimes associated with ephemeral and unstable ecosystems, but can host abundant, often endemic and welladapted meiofaunal species. In this review, we present an integrated view of the biodiversity, ecology and physiological responses of marine meiofauna inhabiting several extreme marine environments (mangroves, submarine caves, Polar ecosystems, hypersaline areas, hypoxic/anoxic environments, hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, carcasses/sunken woods, deep-sea canyons, deep hypersaline anoxic basins [DHABs] and hadal zones). Foraminiferans, nematodes and copepods are abundant in almost all of these habitats and are dominant in deep-sea ecosystems. The presence and dominance of some other taxa that are normally less common may be typical of certain extreme conditions. Kinorhynchs are particularly well adapted to cold seeps and other environments that experience drastic changes in salinity, rotifers are well represented in polar ecosystems and loriciferans seem to be the only metazoan able to survive multiple stressors in DHABs. As well as natural processes, human activities may generate stressful conditions, including deoxygenation, acidification and rises in temperature. The behaviour and physiology of different meiofaunal taxa, such as some foraminiferans, nematode and copepod species, can provide vital information on how organisms may respond to these challenges and can provide a warning signal of anthropogenic impacts. From an evolutionary perspective, the discovery of new meiofauna taxa from extreme environments very often sheds light on phylogenetic relationships, while understanding how meiofaunal organisms are able to survive or even flourish in these conditions can explain evolutionary pathways. Finally, there are multiple potential economic benefits to be gained from ecological, biological, physiological and evolutionary studies of meiofauna in extreme environments. Despite all the advantages offered by meiofauna studies from extreme environments, there is still an urgent need to foster meiofauna research in terms of composition, ecology, biology and physiology focusing on extreme environments.

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“…Nevertheless, some eucalanid copepods have a reduced aerobic metabolism that allows them to live permanently in OMZs (Teuber et al 2013), and some species such as Calanus chilensis show high values of lactate dehydrogenases, which help their transit through OMZs during their daily migration (Teuber et al 2013). In response to hypoxia, calcareous foraminifera optimise their oxygen capture by becoming smaller (Bernhard and Sen Gupta 1999;Levin 2003), and exhibiting a thinner and more porous shell (Bradshaw 1961;Phleger and Soutar 1973;Perez-Cruz and Machain-Castillo 1990;Sen Gupta and Machain-Castillo 1993;Gooday et al 2000). These morphological changes improve oxygen exchange, but make them even more vulnerable to dissolution in the low pH conditions that prevail in organically enriched OMZs (Gooday et al 2010).…”

Section: Response To Ocean Deoxygenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the meiofauna a good indicator for climate change and anthropogenic impacts?

et al. 2015

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Our planet is changing, and one of the most pressing challenges facing the scientific community revolves around understanding how ecological communities respond to global changes. From coastal to deep-sea ecosystems, ecologists are exploring new areas of research to find model organisms that help predict the future of life on our planet. Among the different categories of organisms, meiofauna offer several advantages for the study of marine benthic ecosystems. This paper reviews the advances in the study of meiofauna with regard to climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Four taxonomic groups are valuable for predicting global changes: foraminifers (especially calcareous forms), nematodes, copepods and ostracods. Environmental variables are fundamental in the interpretation of meiofaunal patterns and multistressor experiments are more informative than single stressor ones, revealing complex ecological and biological interactions. Global change has a general negative effect on meiofauna, with important consequences on benthic food webs. However, some meiofaunal species can be favoured by the extreme conditions induced by global change, as they can exhibit remarkable physiological adaptations. This review highlights the need to incorporate studies on taxonomy,

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Production of Benthic Foraminifera in Three East Pacific Oxygen Minima

Cited by 251 publications

References 0 publications

TuronianSantonian benthic foraminifer assemblages from Site 959D (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin, equatorial Atlantic): indication of a Late Cretaceous oxygen minimum zone

TuronianSantonian benthic foraminifer assemblages from Site 959D (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin, equatorial Atlantic): indication of a Late Cretaceous oxygen minimum zone

Characteristics of meiofauna in extreme marine ecosystems: a review

Is the meiofauna a good indicator for climate change and anthropogenic impacts?

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Production of Benthic Foraminifera in Three East Pacific Oxygen Minima

Cited by 251 publications

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TuronianSantonian benthic foraminifer assemblages from Site 959D (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin, equatorial Atlantic): indication of a Late Cretaceous oxygen minimum zone

TuronianSantonian benthic foraminifer assemblages from Site 959D (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin, equatorial Atlantic): indication of a Late Cretaceous oxygen minimum zone

Characteristics of meiofauna in extreme marine ecosystems: a review

Is the meiofauna a good indicator for climate change and anthropogenic impacts?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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TuronianSantonian benthic foraminifer assemblages from Site 959D (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin, equatorial Atlantic): indication of a Late Cretaceous oxygen minimum zone

TuronianSantonian benthic foraminifer assemblages from Site 959D (Côte d'Ivoire-Ghana Transform Margin, equatorial Atlantic): indication of a Late Cretaceous oxygen minimum zone