Production of biodiesel from palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) using heterogeneous catalyst: An optimized process

Hameed, B.H.; Lai, Li; Chin, L.H.

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2008.12.014

Cited by 152 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The loading of many kinds of alkaline salts on supports have been reported as a way to prepare basic catalysts, such as NaOH [2,[26][27][28][29], KOH [30,31], K 2 CO 3 [32], KI [33,34], KNO 3 [35,36], KF [37][38][39][40], and LiNO 3 [41,42]. The supports for these catalysts include Al 2 O 3 [33,39], Zeolite [43], ZnO [41] and SiO 2 [34].…”

Section: Alkaline Metal Salts On Porous Supportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Heterogeneous Catalysis for Biodiesel Synthesis

et al. 2010

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Heterogeneous catalysts are promising for the transesterification reaction of vegetable oils to produce biodiesel and have been studied intensively over the last decade. Unlike the homogeneous catalysts, heterogeneous catalysts can be easily separated from reaction mixture and reused for many times. They are environmentally benign and could be easily operated in continuous processes. This review classifies the solid catalysts into two categories based on their catalytic temperature, i.e. high temperature catalysts and low temperature catalysts. The nature of the catalysts can be specified into solid bases and solid acids. Three aspects, catalyst activity, catalyst life and oil flexibility, will be reviewed. Two kinds of heterogeneous catalysts, reported by IFP Inc. and by WSU, respectively, show a high catalytic activity, long catalyst life and low leaching of catalyst components. These two catalysts also show ability to simultaneously catalyze esterification and transesterification, and can be used in half-refined or crude oil system which provide a potential for greatly decrease the feedstock cost.

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Section: Alkaline Metal Salts On Porous Supportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Heterogeneous Catalysis for Biodiesel Synthesis

et al. 2010

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“…Furthermore, Hameed et al [43] studied the influence of process variables (methanol/oil molar ratio, reaction time and amount of catalyst) on the production of biodiesel from palm oil using KF/ZnO catalyst. In this case, the effects of three transesterification process variables were studied simultaneously on the response (yield) using RSM based on central composite design (CCD).…”

Section: Using Response Surface Methodology To Optimize Biodiesel Varmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improvement in Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil by Applying Thought Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The exhaustion of natural resources has increased petroleum prices and the environmental impact of oil has stimulated the search for an alternative source of energy such as biodiesel. Waste cooking oil is a potential replacement for vegetable oils in the production of biodiesel. Biodiesel is synthesized by direct transesterification of vegetable oils, which is controlled by several inputs or process variables, including the dosage of catalyst, process temperature, mixing speed, mixing time, humidity and impurities of waste cooking oil that was studied in this case. Yield, turbidity, density, viscosity and higher heating value are considered as outputs. This paper used multi-response surface methodology (MRS) with desirability functions to find the best combination of input variables used in the transesterification reactions to improve the production of biodiesel. In this case, several biodiesel optimization scenarios have been proposed. They are based on a desire to improve the biodiesel yield and the higher heating value, while decreasing the viscosity, density and turbidity. The results demonstrated that, although waste cooking oil was collected from various sources, the dosage of catalyst is one of the most important variables in the yield of biodiesel production, whereas the viscosity obtained was similar in all samples of the biodiesel that was studied.

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“…Thus, factor levels are chosen to maximize the overall desirability (D), given by the expression: (1) where m is the number of response variables (in this case, 5). If the target value T is a maximum, d i will be: (2) where L is the lowest acceptable value for the response, and s is the weight (for linear desirability function, s = 1). In this study, L values were the lowest recoveries found in a set of experiments for each metal and T values were the highest recoveries for each metal.…”

Section: Optimization Of Emulsion Breaking Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; it may also be used in fuel composition for diesel engines. 2 The presence of metals in edible vegetable oils can be originated from the natural composition of the soil in which the planting is established, from the environmental pollution and from the contamination which can occur during extraction and conservation processes of these oils. The concentration of trace elements is an important criterion for quality assurance in flavor determination, half-life and rate of deterioration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Constrained Mixture Design in the Optimization of a Method Based on Extraction Induced by Emulsion Breaking for the Determination of Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe and Zn from Palm Oil by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Valasques¹,

Santos²,

Silva³

et al. 2018

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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In this study, it was developed a method for Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe and Zn determination in palm oil samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) after ultrasound-assisted emulsification and extraction induced by emulsion breaking (EIEB). Optimization of the method was carried out by a constrained mixture design. The developed method has presented limits of detection (LOD ) found in the samples were: 3.93-13.9 Ca, 0.37-2.26 Mg, > LOQ-0.32 Mn, 1.77-8.57 Fe and 0.38-2.54 Zn.

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Production of biodiesel from palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) using heterogeneous catalyst: An optimized process

Cited by 152 publications

References 18 publications

Advancements in Heterogeneous Catalysis for Biodiesel Synthesis

Advancements in Heterogeneous Catalysis for Biodiesel Synthesis

An Improvement in Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil by Applying Thought Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions

Use of Constrained Mixture Design in the Optimization of a Method Based on Extraction Induced by Emulsion Breaking for the Determination of Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe and Zn from Palm Oil by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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