Production of concretes using slag aggregates: Contribution of increasing the durability and sustainability of constructions

Chatzopoulos, Alexandros; Sideris, Kosmas K.; Tassos, Christos

doi:10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00711

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, whereas air-cooled blast furnace slag is established since decades in Germany (first regulation published in 1917), steel and copper slags are de facto not allowed to be used in structural concrete according to DIN 1045-2 due to the requirements for the heavy metal content in the slags (see chapter 7.4). In other countries EAF slag is already used [52]. For all steel slags, in particular for BOF slags with higher contents in free lime, the topic volume stability is essential [53].…”

Section: The Existing Steel Slagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Today's and future slags ‐ Potentials and Challenges

Ehrenberg

2023

ce papers

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The steel industry produces the most widely used metal on earth. The main challenge of the industry for the next decade is the steel production transformation process. The CO2 intensive blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace (BOF) route will be substituted by a combination of a Direct Reduced Iron plant (based on natural gas, at later stage on “green” hydrogen) with an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) or a Submerged Arc Furnace (SAF), heated with renewable energy. Thus, the well‐known latent hydraulic granulated blast furnace slag (GBS) being successfully used in cement and concrete for more than 140 years will vanish step by step. GBS is used as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) not only, but in particular, due to its clinker reduction and from there its CO2 reduction potential for the cement and concrete production. Whereas the DRI process itself does not generate any slag, EAF and SAF will do. These slags will be very different. Moreover, the new EAF slags will be also different compared to today's scrap based EAF slag. However, specific slag/metal ratios, resulting slag volumes, chemical and mineralogical compositions and physical properties of the new slags are yet unknown. Thus, also their cementitious and environmental properties are still unknown. Different running projects aim mainly to create slags being similar to GBS. The main objective is to provide the cement and concrete industry furthermore with a (latent) hydraulic SCM.

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Section: The Existing Steel Slagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Today's and future slags ‐ Potentials and Challenges

Ehrenberg

2023

ce papers

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“…EAF steel slag is the byproduct of electric furnace steelmaking, the output of which is approximately 110-200 kg per ton of EAF steel [15,19,23,26,27]. Electric furnace steelmaking is suitable for making high-quality steel, and the primary raw material is recycled scrap steel.…”

Section: Production Of Steel Slagmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, after the same freeze-thaw cycles, SSAC can maintain better integrity and higher mechanical strength than NAC. Chatzopoulos et al [26] performed 14 freeze-thaw cycles on NAC and SSAC (30% fine SSA and 50% coarse SSA) samples. After the freeze-thaw test, the edges of the NAC samples rounded, but the SSAC samples kept a square shape.…”

Section: Durability Of Ssacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Steel Slag as an Aggregate in Concrete Production: A Review

Ren,

2023

Materials

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Steel slag is a solid waste produced in crude steel smelting, and a typical management option is stockpiling in slag disposal yards. Over the years, the massive production of steel slags and the continuous use of residue yards have led to vast occupation of land resources and caused severe environmental concerns. Steel slag particles can potentially be used as aggregates in concrete production. However, the volume stability of steel slag is poor, and the direct use of untreated steel slag aggregate (SSA) may cause cracking and spalling of concrete. The present research summarizes, analyzes, and compares the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of steel slags. The mechanism and treatment methods of volume expansion are introduced, and the advantages, disadvantages, and applicable targets of these methods are discussed. Then, the latest research progress of steel slag aggregate concrete (SSAC) is reviewed. Using SSA leads to an increase in the density of concrete and a decrease in workability, but the mechanical properties and durability of SSAC are superior to natural aggregate concrete (NAC). Finally, future research in this field is proposed to motivate further studies and guide decision-making.

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“…Based on data, as much as 150-170 million tons globally, while in Indonesia it is estimated that the amount of waste reaches 8.2 million tons [1]. Researchers are trying to utilize the waste into aggregates that are sustainable as a substitute for cement and aggregate [2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of coarse aggregate from fly ash and its effect on the mechanical properties of concrete

Tjahjani¹,

Jonbi²,

Suraedi³

et al. 2023

World J. Adv. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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The amount of fly ash waste is increasing, causing environmental and storage problems. One solution is to utilize the fly ash as an artificial aggregate. This research focuses on getting the right formula for mixing fly ash, cement, and superplasticizer (SP). The tests carried out were compressive strength at 3, 14, 28, and 56 days. The results showed that the best composition with a ratio of cement: fly ash of 1:4 added with a superplasticizer of 1.2% by weight of the mixture resulted in a compressive strength of 79 MPa at 56 days of age.

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Production of concretes using slag aggregates: Contribution of increasing the durability and sustainability of constructions

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Today's and future slags ‐ Potentials and Challenges

Today's and future slags ‐ Potentials and Challenges

Application of Steel Slag as an Aggregate in Concrete Production: A Review

The use of coarse aggregate from fly ash and its effect on the mechanical properties of concrete

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