Production of dihydroxyacetone from an aqueous solution of glycerol in the reaction catalyzed by an immobilized cell preparation of acetic acid bacteria Gluconobacter oxydans ATCC 621

Abstract

Dihydroxyacetone (1,3-dihydroxy-2-propanone, DHA) is applied in the food and cosmetic industries as well as in pharmacy and medicine. It is produced as a result of incomplete oxidation of glycerol by acetic acid bacteria Gluconobacter oxydans. This reaction is catalyzed by PQQ-dependent membrane-bound glycerol dehydrogenase. The research developed a method of obtaining DHA by oxidation of a 3 % aqueous solution of glycerol (pH 7.5) at a temperature of 23°C, with the only reaction biocatalyst being an immobilized cell preparation obtained from G. oxydans cells. After 5 days of the process, DHA concentration in the solution accounted for 27.2 g/L and the reaction efficiency for 94 %. After 4 days of the reaction run in culture media with pH 5.0, at a temperature of 28°C, free or immobilized cells of G. oxydans produced on average 25 g of DHA/L at the reaction efficiency of 87 %.

Modeling of Osmotic Dehydration of Apples in Sugar Alcohols and Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) Solutions

“…DHA is ketotriose with reducing properties, non-toxic sugar in the form of white powder with a sweet taste. It is used mainly in the food industry (a sweetener, a dietary supplement, emulsifier, plasticizer), cosmetics (the active ingredient in self-tanning creams) and medicine (treatment of vitiligo disease, a component of biomaterials stopped bleeding) [19]. There have not been any studies so far regarding the use of dihydroxyacetone as a solute in the process of OD.…”

Isolation of dihydroxyacetone-producing acetic acid bacteria in Vietnam

“…The thirty-one DHA-producing AAB obtained in Vietnam were distributed only in the three genera Acetobacter, Gluconobacter and Gluconacetobacter. Especially, the excellent producers of DHA were restricted only to the genus Gluconobacter [2,3,6,10,13]. The ten isolates assigned to the genus Gluconobacter produced 22.20-25.98 mg/mL of DHA for the cultivation of two days by shaking at 150 rpm.…”

“…The most potent and widely studied bacterium for DHA production is the species Gluconobacter oxydans [2,3,6,10,13]. The type strain Gluconobacter oxydans NBRC 14819 T was used as a DHA-producing reference strain.…”

“…The production of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is of interest in various applications in cosmetic, medicine, pharmaceuticals and food industries and in very cheap cost of glycerol, as the substrate for DHA production, due to the overproduction of this material by the biodiesel industry [10]. In acetic acid bacteria, strains assigned to Gluconobacter oxydans are widely used in the production of DHA through a microbiological method [6,8].…”

Photocatalytic production of dihydroxyacetone from glycerol on TiO2in acetonitrile

“…DHA is considered a platform chemical and is used in cosmetics, sunless tanning formulas, as well as food and pharmaceutical industries. [4][5][6] Commercially, DHA is produced by fermentation of puried glycerol. 7,8 However, given the higher value of DHA compared to glycerol (150 US$ per kg vs. 0.30 US$ per kg) attempts were made to develop alternative processes for DHA production using TEMPO, hydrogen peroxide, thermo-, electro-and heterogeneous catalysis.…”