Production of Eicosapentaenoic Acid from Marine Bacteria

Yazawa, Kazunaga; Watanabe, Kazuo; Ishikawa, Chikako; Kondô, Kiyosi; Kimura, Shinya

doi:10.1201/9781439821855.ch3

Cited by 40 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The concept of an integrated complex for PUFA biosynthesis is supported by the elegant experiments of Yazawa and co-workers, who have successfully cloned and expressed a 38 kb genomic DNA fragment from the marine bacterium ' S. putrefaciens ' strain SCRC-2738 in Escherichia coli (Yazawa, 1996) and the marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. (Takeyama et al, 1997).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Pufa Biosynthesis In the Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, by 1996 the reported fatty acid composition of SCRC-2738 had been refined and now resembled that of a Shewanella sp. (Yazawa, 1996). Further reports of EPA production attributed to strains of S. putrefaciens were also published (e.g.…”

Section: Chemotaxonomymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, although all membranes require a balance of bilayer and non-bilayer phase-forming lipids in the membrane, with different lipids serving different functional as well as structural roles (Dowhan, 1997), it is difficult to generalize in relation to the role of PUFAs in the membranes of marine psychrophilic bacteria. For example, Yazawa (1996) found that there was twice as much EPA in PG compared with PE in a strain (SCRC-2738) of ' S. putrefaciens', although no information was given about how the relative proportions might alter with changes in growth temperature. Biophysical studies of such marine psychrophiles are required in order to determine the phase behaviour of their membrane lipids.…”

Section: Role Of Pufas In Bacterial Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clearly, two distinct systems for making fatty acids must be present. Experiments have shown that these systems are regulated by growth substrates or temperature in an independent manner (Nichols & Russell, 1996 ;Yazawa, 1996;.Nichols et al, 1997b).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis In the Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine bacteria — a dogma rewritten

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Mechanism Of Pufa Biosynthesis In the Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Chemotaxonomymentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Role Of Pufas In Bacterial Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanism Of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis In the Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine bacteria — a dogma rewritten

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Primary production of in Schizochytrium is via a PUFA synthase (Metz et al, 2001), a series of 3 genes similar to those found in LC-PUFAproducing marine bacteria (Yazawa, 1996;Morita et al, 2000). In addition, a series of aerobic PUFA desaturase and elongase genes are also present in Schizochytrium (Lippmeier et al, 2009).…”

Section: 23microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and aquaculture in perspective

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abbreviations: ARA, arachidonic acid (20:4n-6); CVD, cardiovascular disease; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3); DPA, docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3); EFA, essential fatty acid; Elovl, fatty acid elongase; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3); Fads, fatty acyl desaturase; FM, fishmeal; FO, fish oil; LC-PUFA, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥ C20 ≥ 3 double bonds); LOA, linoleic acid (18:2n-6); LNA, linolenic acid (18:3n-3); PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; TAG, triacylglycerol; VO, vegetable oil. ABSTRACTIn the 40 years since the essentiality of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in fish was first established by determining quantitative requirements for 18:3n-3 and 18:2n-6 in rainbow trout, essential fatty acid (EFA) research has gone through distinct phases. For 20 years the focus was primarily on determining qualitative and quantitative EFA requirements of fish species. Nutritional and biochemical studies showed major differences between fish species based on whether C 18 PUFA or long-chain (LC)-PUFA were required to satisfy requirements. In contrast, in the last 20 years, research emphasis shifted to determining "optimal" levels of EFA to support growth of fish fed diets with increased lipid content and where growth expectations were much higher. This required greater knowledge of the roles and functions of EFA in metabolism and physiology, and how these impacted on fish health and disease. Requirement studies were more focused on early life stages, in particular larval marine fish, defining not only levels, but also balances between different EFA. Finally, a major driver in the last 10-15 years has been the unavoidable replacement of fish oil and fishmeal in feeds and the impacts that this can have on n-3 LC-PUFA contents of diets and farmed fish, and the human consumer. Thus, dietary n-3 in fish feeds can be defined by three levels.Firstly, the minimum level required to satisfy EFA requirements and thus prevent nutritional pathologies. This level is relatively small and easy to supply even with today's current high demand for fish oil. The second level is that required to sustain maximum growth and optimum health in fish being fed modern high-energy diets. The balance between different PUFA and LC-PUFA is important and defining them is more challenging, and so ideal levels and balances are still not well understood, particularly in relation to fish health. The third level is currently driving much research; how can we supply sufficient n-3 LC-PUFA to maintain the nutritional quality of farmed fish at the same level as 20 years ago, and similar or better than in wild fish? This level far exceeds the biological requirements of the fish itself and to satisfy it we require entirely new sources of n-3 LC-PUFA. We cannot rely on the finite and limited marine resources that we can sustainably harvest or 3 efficiently recycle. We need to produce n-3 LC-PUFA de novo and all possible options should be considered.Keywords: Fish oil; essential fatty acids; nutrition; health; metabolism; sustainability 4 Highl...

show abstract

Microbial Lipids

Ratledge¹

1997

Biotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Production of Eicosapentaenoic Acid from Marine Bacteria

Cited by 40 publications

References 9 publications

Polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine bacteria — a dogma rewritten

Polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine bacteria — a dogma rewritten

Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and aquaculture in perspective

Microbial Lipids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About