Production of endomycorrhizal explants of micropropagated grapevine rootstocks

Influence of phosphate fertilization on the growth and nutrient status of micropropagated apple infected with endomycorrhizal fungi during the weaning stage

“…Inoculation with VA fungi appears to play a key role in the survival and growth of microplants, as has been observed in grapevine (Schubert et al, 1987(Schubert et al, , 1988(Schubert et al, , 1990, apple and pear (Granger et al, 1983;Branzanti et al, 1989). Previous studies on grapevine (Ravolanirina et al, 1989b) (Branzanti et al, 1991). …”

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) micropropagated plants

“…Kiwifruit is normally infected by VAM fungi in the field, and growth enhancements can be obtained by inoculating VAM fungi on kiwifruit seedlings (Pons et al, 1983), grapevine (Ravolanirina et al, 1989b;Schubert et al, 1990), pistachio (Schubert and Martinelli, 1987), and several other plants (see papers in this volume). Such growth enhancements were obtained either with inoculation during the in vitro stage, or with inoculation at the start of the acclimatization stage; however, the latter technique is normally employed, due to its easier feasibility (Ravolanirina et al, 1989a).…”

The application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to micropropagation systems: an opportunity to reduce chemical inputs

“…Plants produced using traditional micropropagation methods will thus not normally have the benefits of the symbiosis and only by re-introduction of the fungi will the benefits be acquired. Of the three stages in the micropropagation process ie in vitro, weaning and post weaning results to date show that inoculation during the weaning phase results in optimal colonisation and benefits (Ravolanirina et al 1989). …”