Production of functional sperm from in vitro-cultured premeiotic spermatogonia in a marine fish

Ovarian cell aggregate culture in teleost, marine medaka (Oryzias dancena): basic culture conditions and characterization

“…Therefore, it might be more reasonable to focus on 3D culture rather than 2D culture in the development of culture techniques for female GSCs. Indeed, in the studies regarding the culture of fish male GSCs, the production of functional sperm through in vitro culture without germ cell transplantation techniques has been accomplished only through three-dimensional (3D) aggregate culture (Higaki et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2022;Choi et al, 2023). The 3D culture system can mimic the in vivo environment, and ovarian organoids, which can be ultimately developed through 3D culture system, will be an excellent model for the study of female GSCs.…”