Production of Glucose Sweetener by Simple Single- Step Hydrolysis of Native Cassava Root Starch

Abstract

Abstract. In conventional practice, starch is extracted and purified from a native source prior to glucose production using two steps: liquefaction and saccharification. Sequential protocols, liquefaction, and starch extraction and purification necessitate high-energy process conditions, material handling equipment, and other substantial cost inputs. In this work, native starch in ground fresh cassava root pulp and cassava flour was subjected to low-energy, simple single-step enzymatic hydrolysis at 37°C and 60°C for glucose production. Commercial purified cassava starch was similarly treated for comparison. Cassava root pulp reached a maximum of 30% starch conversion to glucose within 4 h of hydrolysis at 60°C and a maximum of 55% conversion within 96 h at 37°C. Cassava flour yielded mixed results, with slightly less conversion than root pulp at 60°C, reaching only 27%, but outperformed root pulp at 37°C, reaching 72% conversion. Purified cassava starch yielded 96% and 100% conversions at 60°C and 37°C, respectively. At 37°C, the reaction rate constants were 0.023 h-1, 0.021 h-1, and 0.025 h-1, respectively, for cassava root pulp, flour, and purified cassava starch, while at 60°C, the reaction rate constants were 0.816 h-1, 1.230 h-1, and 1.102 h-1, respectively. Activation energy for the substrates was similar at 134.6 kJ mol-1 for root pulp, 157.4 kJ mol-1 for flour, and 143.1 kJ mol-1 for purified starch. Keywords: Cassava root, Cassava starch, Enzymes, Glucose, Reaction kinetics, Synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis.

Potential Routes and Innovative Technologies for Valorisation of Cassava Peels

“…Cassava tubers are rich in carbohydrates, proteins starch, and fats, which are typically used to produce staple foods [32]. It is a dependable source of energy, sweeteners and raw material for industry [33,34]. When peeled mechanically, CP constitutes around 5% to 10% of the solid waste [35], but when peeled manually is 20% -30% solid waste from cassava tubers [36,37].…”

Synthesis of ultra‐high concentration of salt‐resistant polyacrylamide

“…[13][14][15][16] Glucose is a monosaccharide with extensive natural sources and can be obtained from biological refining. 17,18 In the wave of green development, glucose-type compounds can be used as a potential target of green chemical industry. It has low toxicity and is easy to biodegrade, which is very attractive for environmental protection.…”

“…Glucose is a monosaccharide with extensive natural sources and can be obtained from biological refining 17,18 . In the wave of green development, glucose‐type compounds can be used as a potential target of green chemical industry.…”