Production of granular activated carbons from loquat stones by chemical activation

Influence of process parameters on the surface and chemical properties of activated carbon obtained from biochar by chemical activation

“…Similar trend was also reported by other researchers(Sütçü and Demiral, 2009;Azargohar and Dalai, 2008;Sudaryanto et al, 2006).The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms of activated carbons prepared at various activation temperatures and impregnation ratios were shown inFig. 2aandFig.…”

“…Nitrogen adsorption isotherms of these activated carbons can be properly classified as a mixture of type I and type IV isotherms. According to IUPAC classification, type I isotherm can be associated with microporous structure while type IV isotherm exhibited by the mixture of microporous and mesoporous material(Sütçü and Demiral, 2009). The plateau of this isotherm commences at high relative pressures (P/P 0 ) and toward the end of isotherm, steep gradient existed as a result of a limited uptake of nitrogen, indicating capillary condensation in the mesopores.…”

Energy storage applications of activated carbons: supercapacitors and hydrogen storage

“…46,63 Other parameters that affect the porosity development are (i) the mixing procedure (solution or mechanical mixing), (ii) activation time, (iii) gas flow rate, (iv) type of gas used during the heat-treatment and (v) heating rate. 46,57,58,64,65,66 Among the various activating agents, KOH generates activated carbons with extremely large surface area up to ~4000 m 2 /g), high pore volume up to 2.7 cm 3 /g, 40,46,55,57,59,64,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75 and tunable and narrow PSD through the control of the activating conditions (i.e., temperature and amount of KOH), 40,61,64,71,74,75,76 as is described below. For other activating agents, the surface areas are normally between 1500 and 2000 m 2 /g with pore volume < 1.5 cm 3 /g and broad PSD.…”

Activated Carbon from Waste Biomass

“…Pistachio shells and fir wood were investigated in (Wu et al, 2005) by both physical and chemical activation. Chemical activation and the influence of KOH and NaOH on the formation of micropores of loquat stones is reported in (Sütcü & Demiral, 2009). High surface areas are attained with KOH and an increase of chemical agent leads to an increase of surface area.…”