Production of heavy and superheavy neutron-rich nuclei in transfer reactions

Zagrebaev, V. I.; Greiner, Walter

doi:10.1103/physrevc.83.044618

Cited by 124 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…=862 MeV before entering the thick 248 Cm target. Owing to extremely low survival probability of excited heavy primary trans-target reaction fragments the cross sections for the production of SH nuclei located just in the middle of the island of stability (Z ∼ 112, N ∼ 180) were found to be less than 1 pb in this reaction [1,7]. This is too low to perform experiments aimed on the production of these nuclei at available facilities.…”

Section: Production Of Transfermium Nucleimentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Near barrier collisions of 136 Xe and 192 Os with 208 Pb target were predicted to be quite promising for the production of new nuclei with N ∼ 126 [6,7]. The corresponding cross sections were found to be about 1 µb and less.…”

Section: Downward Along N=126mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11. On average, the cross sections for the production of new neutron rich heavy nuclei (including those located along the closed neutron shell N = 126) in this reaction are higher than in collisions of 136 Xe or 192 Os with 208 Pb target [7] (though a contamination by uranium fission fragments probably may reduce this gain in the cross sections). …”

Section: Downward Along N=126mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our recent study we found that the shell effects may give us a gain in the yields of heavy neutron rich nuclei formed in multinucleon transfer reactions [1,[5][6][7]. In particular, the cross section for the production of unknown neutron rich nuclei located below 208 Pb along the closed neutron shell N=126 were predicted to be of several microbarns in low-energy collisions of 136 Xe or 192 Os with 208 Pb target.…”

Section: Multinucleon Transfer Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production and study of new neutron rich heavy nuclei in multinucleon transfer reactions

Zagrebaev

Greiner

2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Problems of production and study of new neutron-enriched heavy nuclei are discussed. Lowenergy multinucleon transfer reactions are shown to be quite appropriate for this purpose. Reactions with actinide beams and targets are of special interest for synthesis of new neutron-enriched transfermium nuclei and not-yet-known nuclei with closed neutron shell N = 126 having the largest impact on the astrophysical r-process. The estimated cross sections for the production of these nuclei look very promising for planning such experiments at currently available accelerators. These experiments, however, are rather expensive and difficult to perform because of low intensities of the massive projectile beams and problems of separating and detecting the heavy reaction products. Thus, realistic predictions of the corresponding cross sections for different projectile-target combinations are definitely required. Some uncertainty still remains in the values of several parameters used for describing the low-energy nuclear dynamics. This uncertainty does not allow one to perform very accurate predictions for the productions of new heavier-than-target (trans-target) nuclei in multinucleon transfer reactions. Nevertheless these predictions are rather promising (large cross sections) to start such experiments at available accelerators if the problem of separation of heavy transfer reaction products would be solved. MotivationThe upper part of the present-day nuclear map consists mainly of proton rich nuclei, while the unexplored area of heavy neutron enriched nuclides (also those located along the neutron closed shell N = 126 to the right-hand side of the stability line) is extremely important for nuclear astrophysics investigations and, in particular, for the understanding of the r process of astrophysical nucleogenesis. For elements with Z > 100 only neutron deficient isotopes (located to the left of the stability line) have been synthesized so far. Due to the bending of the stability line toward the neutron axis, in fusion reactions only proton-rich isotopes of heavy elements can be produced. That is the main reason for the impossibility of reaching the center of the island of stability (Z ∼ 110 ÷ 120 and N ∼ 184) in the superheavy (SH) mass region by fusion reactions with stable projectiles. Because of that we also have almost no information about neutron-rich isotopes of heavy elements located in the "northeast" part of the nuclear map: for example, there are 19 known neutron-rich isotopes of cesium (Z = 55) and only 4 of platinum (Z = 78) (see Fig. 1). Thus, the whole "northeast" area of the nuclear map is still terra incognita. Production and studying properties of nuclei located in this region will open a new field of research in nuclear physics. a e-mail: zagrebaev@jinr.ru b e-mail: greiner@fias.uni-frankfurt.de There are only three methods for the production of heavy elements, namely, fusion reactions, a sequence of neutron capture and β − decay processes and multi-nucleon transfer reactions. Fusion ReactionsFusion...

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Section: Production Of Transfermium Nucleimentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Downward Along N=126mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Downward Along N=126mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multinucleon Transfer Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production and study of new neutron rich heavy nuclei in multinucleon transfer reactions

Zagrebaev

Greiner

2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…At the moment the calculation is largely a theoretical exercise as it is not clear how to produce such nuclei in a realistic experimental setup in measurable quantities, even if, in principle, a lead-lead collision, for example, would contain enough neutrons. Recent speculations on using high-intensity pulsed neutron sources from reactors for producing large-N nuclei [24] sound like a potentially very interesting new experimental idea for producing very neutron-rich nuclei, but this approach is still very far from practical realization. In the same vein, for now at least there is no scenario predicting production of such states in a realistic astrophysical environment, although similar states might occur in the crust of neutron stars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%