Production of hemo- and immunoregulatory cytokines by erythroblast antigen+ and glycophorin A+ cells from human bone marrow

Abstract

Background: Erythroid nuclear cells (ENC) of the bone marrow (BM) have not previously been considered as important producers of wide spectrum of haemo-and immunoregulatory cytokines. The aim of the current work was to confirm the production of the main hemo-and immunoregulatory cytokines in human ENC from BM.

Cytokine-producing activity of bone marrow erythrokaryocytes and its regulation under normal conditions

“…We confirmed production of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α by human bone marrow glycophorin A-positive cells [8] and revealed production of IL-8, IL-13, IL-17, G-CSF, GM-CSF, MCP-1, and MIP-1β by these cells (Table 1). IL-5, IL-7, and IL-12 were not detected and we concluded that bone marrow NEC cannot secrete these proteins under specified culturing conditions.…”

“…Previous studies showed that human bone marrow NEC produce IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, IFN-γ, TNF-α, G-CSF, GM-CSF, MCP-1, TGF-β 1 , MIP-1β, erythropoietin, and vascular endothelial growth factor under normal conditions [4,8,11]. Therefore, these cells possess high immunoregulatory potentcy.…”

“…Hence, erythron, similarly to immunocompetent cells, is one of the major regulatory systems of hemoimmunopoiesis. Previous studies showed that bone marrow erythroid cells of various differentiation stages produce some cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) [8]. More comprehensive understanding of immunoregulatory potencies of erythrokaryocytes, mechanisms of their realization, and principles of regulation under normal and pathological conditions will allow us to develop new effective methods of preventive treatment with cytokines, cytokine therapy, and use of cytokines for rehabilitation of patients with bone marrow erythropoiesis dysfunction.…”

Allelic Polymorphism of Cytokine Genes during Pulmonary Tuberculosis

“…Susceptibility to disease is determined by a combination of allelic variants of genes in the individual genotype forming unfavorable hereditary background, which is realized during the interaction with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Recent advances in molecular genetics open new perspectives in studying the pathogenesis of tuberculosis: genes whose expression products are involved in the infectious process were identifi ed [1,6].…”

“…Functional activity of the cytokine network during tuberculosis depends on a variety of factors, including individual differences in the production of immunoregulatory molecules determined by some genetic peculiarities [3,6,10,12]. The search for predictors of susceptibility to infection among cytokine gene alleles is a new perspective trend of research [5].…”