Production of <i>p</i>‐Xylene from Biomass by Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Using ZSM‐5 Catalysts with Reduced Pore Openings

Cheng, Yu‐Ting; Wang, Zhuopeng; Gilbert, Christopher J.; Fan, Wei; Huber, George W.

doi:10.1002/ange.201205230

Cited by 77 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These special properties are very attractive for industrial processes, which are responsible for shape selectivity, high acidity, and hydrothermal stability [1,2]. Especially, the ZSM-5 is the family member of MFI structural zeolites and extensively used in the cracking, isomerization, alkylation, esterification [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method to construct hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites with excellent catalytic activity

Yuan

Tang

et al. 2014

J Porous Mater

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Desilicication and dealuminzation with weak alkaline solution and acid liquor is an effective way to construct hierarchically mesoporous without damaging its crystallinity and preserving its acidity in ZSM-5 zeolites. We investigated the influence of the concentration of NaAlO 2 , treatment time, temperature and the concentration of HCl on the crystallinity of ZSM-5 and characterized the products with XRD, SEM, XRF, BET, NH 3 -TPD, etc. The results showed that the appropriate concentration of NaAlO 2 solutions extract selectively silicon from the framework of the zeolites while a small portion of aluminum would patch some parts of vacancies produced by the removal of silicon, then the HCl would dealuminize to maintain the SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ratios, which preserved the crystallinity of ZSM-5 perfectly. Furthermore, the micro-reaction activity tests displayed that the obtained products had higher catalytic than the parent zeolites because of their optimized hierarchical micro-mesoporous.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method to construct hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites with excellent catalytic activity

Yuan

Tang

et al. 2014

J Porous Mater

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“…More interestingly, as another starting material of DEU-EP, α,α'-dichloro-p-xylene, shows the great potential to be produced via a biobased route. α,α' -dichloro-p-xylene are produced from catalytic chlorination of p-xylene under light irritation, whereas p-xylene has been shown to be able to produce from cellulose-derived furans [26][27][28] and bio-isobutanol via biobased routes. In 2013 Gevo, Inc. has established a demonstration-scale p-xylene with bio-isobutanol as the starting material plant in Texas, USA [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sustainable, eugenol-derived epoxy resin with high biobased content, modulus, hardness and low flammability: Synthesis, curing kinetics and structure–property relationship

Wan

Gan

et al. 2016

Chemical Engineering Journal

237

138

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Abstract:To develop functional sustainable epoxy resins, we report a novel epoxy resin (DEU-EP) with high net biobased content (70.2 wt%) derived from renewable eugenol. We comparatively study DEU-EP with a commercial bisphenol A epoxy resin (DGEBA) in the presence of a most representative aromatic diamine curing agent, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM).Differential scanning calorimetry reveals that DEU-EP can be sufficiently cured by DDM at a slower rate than DGEBA. By applying an autocatalytic reaction model, we adequately simulate the curing rate of DEU-EP/DDM, and reveal its detailed kinetic mechanisms from model-free isoconversional analysis. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows that DEU-EP/DDM takes higher storage modulus up to ~97 o C than DGEBA/DDM with the glass temperature of 114 o C. Nanoindentation and thermogravimetric analysis demonstrate that compared with DGEBA/DDM, DEU-EP/DDM exhibits a 20%, 6.7% and 111% increase in Young's modulus, hardness and char yield, respectively. Microscale combustion calorimetry data show that DEU-EP/DDM expresses 55% and 38% lower heat release rate and total heat release than DGEBA/DDM, respectively.Macroscopically, the horizontal burning test approves DEU-EP/DDM can self-extinguish in a short time. Our results demonstrate that the eugenol building blocks and their arrangement greatly affect the cure behaviors of DEU-EP/DDM, and contribute significantly to its enhanced mechanical properties, high-temperature charring ability and chain motions at glass state, as well as the reduced flammability. To summarize, DEU-EP exhibits a high promise as a new sustainable epoxy monomer for fabricating high biobased content, high rigid and low flammable epoxy materials.

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“…However, the product distribution significantly changes. For instance, the toluene selectivity increases from 9.8% at 573 K to 39.8% at 673 K and alters a little at higher temperature, while the selectivity of alkanes (including methylcyclohexane, 1,3-dimethylcyclopentane, and C [3][4][5][6] ) sharply declines from 88.2% at 573 K to 4.4% at 723 K. The p-/m-xylene and o-xylene selectivities have similar variation trend as the toluene selectivity, with separately reaching 16.3% and 4.7% at 673 K and changing a little at higher temperature. Selectivities of benzene and polyalkylated benzenes also raise and reach up to 13.8% and 3.3% at 723 K, respectively.…”

Section: Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation Of M-cresol Over Pt/z-57mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With depleting stocks of fossil fuels and growing concern on the excessive emission of greenhouse gases, great efforts have been made to develop alternative method of producing sustainable p-/m-xylene from biomass-based compounds [1][2][3][4]. Shiramize and Toste [1] proposed a method to produce p-xylene with 2,5-dimethyfuran (derived from lignocellulosic biomass) and acrolein (from glycerol, a side product of biodiesel production) through four step-reactions with an overall yield of 34%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Williams et al [3] suggested a renewable route to p-xylene from cycloaddition/dehydration of biomass-based dimethylfuran and ethylene with a high selectivity of 75% using Y zeolite as catalyst. Very recently, Cheng et al [4] reported the production of p-xylene from 2-methylfuran (a product of catalytic fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass) and propylene using ZSM-5 catalysts. For all of those methods lignocellulosic biomass or its derivatives were used as feedstocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Selectively Catalytic Conversion of Lignin-Based Phenols into para-/m-Xylene over Pt/HZSM-5

2016

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Abstract:High selectively catalytic conversion of lignin-based phenols (m-cresol, p-cresol, and guaiacol) into para-/m-xylene was performed over Pt/HZSM-5 through hydrodeoxygenation and in situ methylation with methanol. It is found that the p-/m-xylene selectivity is uniformly higher than 21%, and even increase up to 33.5% for m-cresol (with phenols/methanol molar ratio of 1/8). The improved p-/m-xylene selectivity in presence of methanol is attributed to the combined reaction pathways: methylation of m-cresol into xylenols followed by HDO into p-/m-xylene, and HDO of m-cresol into toluene followed by methylation into p-/m-xylene. Comparison of the product distribution over a series of catalysts indicates that both metals and supporters have distinct effect on the p-/m-xylene selectivity.

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Production of p‐Xylene from Biomass by Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis Using ZSM‐5 Catalysts with Reduced Pore Openings

Cited by 77 publications

References 38 publications

A new method to construct hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites with excellent catalytic activity

A new method to construct hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites with excellent catalytic activity

A sustainable, eugenol-derived epoxy resin with high biobased content, modulus, hardness and low flammability: Synthesis, curing kinetics and structure–property relationship

High Selectively Catalytic Conversion of Lignin-Based Phenols into para-/m-Xylene over Pt/HZSM-5

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