Production of Lectins from Marine Algae: Current Status, Challenges, and Opportunities for Non-Destructive Extraction

Maliki, Intan Mariana; Misson, Mailin; Teoh, Peik Lin; Rodrigues, Kenneth Francis; Yong, Wilson Thau Lym

doi:10.3390/md20020102

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Supercritical fluid refers to any substance, found at certain temperatures over the critical level as well as, being found under certain pressure conditions over the critical level ( Maliki et al., 2022 ). The properties of a substance such as density, viscosity, surface tension and diffusibility under supercritical conditions are distinctly different compared to the properties of the same substance stored under standard atmospheric conditions ( Radivojac et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Secondary Metabolite Extraction From Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of secondary metabolites using tissue culture-based biotechnological applications

et al. 2023

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Plants are the sources of many bioactive secondary metabolites which are present in plant organs including leaves, stems, roots, and flowers. Although they provide advantages to the plants in many cases, they are not necessary for metabolisms related to growth, development, and reproduction. They are specific to plant species and are precursor substances, which can be modified for generations of various compounds in different plant species. Secondary metabolites are used in many industries, including dye, food processing and cosmetic industries, and in agricultural control as well as being used as pharmaceutical raw materials by humans. For this reason, the demand is high; therefore, they are needed to be obtained in large volumes and the large productions can be achieved using biotechnological methods in addition to production, being done with classical methods. For this, plant biotechnology can be put in action through using different methods. The most important of these methods include tissue culture and gene transfer. The genetically modified plants are agriculturally more productive and are commercially more effective and are valuable tools for industrial and medical purposes as well as being the sources of many secondary metabolites of therapeutic importance. With plant tissue culture applications, which are also the first step in obtaining transgenic plants with having desirable characteristics, it is possible to produce specific secondary metabolites in large-scale through using whole plants or using specific tissues of these plants in laboratory conditions. Currently, many studies are going on this subject, and some of them receiving attention are found to be taken place in plant biotechnology and having promising applications. In this work, particularly benefits of secondary metabolites, and their productions through tissue culture-based biotechnological applications are discussed using literature with presence of current studies.

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Section: Secondary Metabolite Extraction From Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of secondary metabolites using tissue culture-based biotechnological applications

et al. 2023

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“…On the other hand, macroalgal lectins, which are typically bound with glycoproteins and carbohydrates, have also been obtained from both green and red algae (e.g., Ulva sp.). These bioactive lectins play diverse roles in biological processes, including antibacterial and antiviral activities, intercellular communication, antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects, and binding and recognition of carbohydrates [75,76]. Nonetheless, seaweed proteins face limitations in digestibility due to their elevated phenolic content, especially in brown algae.…”

Section: Stimulated Macrophages Modulation and Have Promising Anti-in...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Bioactives and Their Application in the Food Industry: A Review

Senadheera,

Hossain,

Shahidi

2023

Applied Sciences

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The structurally diverse bioactive compounds found in marine organisms represent valuable resources for the food and pharmaceutical industries. The marine ecosystem encompasses over half of the world’s biota, providing an extensive range of bioactive compounds that can be extracted from various marine life forms, including marine microorganisms (such as bacteria, cyanobacteria, and actinobacteria), algae (both macroalgae and microalgae), invertebrates (including sponges, mollusks, echinoderms, and crustaceans), and, most importantly, fish. Many of these organisms thrive in extreme marine environments, leading to the production of complex molecules with unique biological functions. Consequently, marine biomolecules, such as lipids (especially polyunsaturated fatty acids), proteins/peptides, polysaccharides, carotenoids, phenolics, and saponins, exhibit a wide range of biological properties and can serve as valuable components in nutraceuticals and functional foods. Nevertheless, most of these biomolecules are susceptible to oxidation and degradation; encapsulation-based technologies tend to preserve them and increase their bioavailability and functions. These biological compounds demonstrate diverse activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antithrombotic, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and cardioprotective effects, making them promising candidates for applications in the food industry. Despite their numerous health benefits, marine bioactive compounds have remained underutilized, not only in the food industry but also in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical sectors. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of the various sources of marine bioactive compounds and their potential contributions to the food industry.

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“…The presence of cell walls and intracellular polysaccharides causes high viscosity and ionic interactions, making the extraction process difficult, as does some features of the morphology of the marine algae themselves; for example, marine algae with a tougher thallus may require more processing [31]. Lectins are typically isolated from marine algae by grinding the algal tissue with liquid nitrogen and extracting with appropriate buffers and alcohol, as described by Maliki and co-workers [32]. This method can produce higher yields, but it is not ideal for large-scale production, since a large amount of biomass is required to extract a small quantity of compound and a significant amount of waste is generated during the extraction process [32,33].…”

Section: Production Of Algal Lectinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lectins are typically isolated from marine algae by grinding the algal tissue with liquid nitrogen and extracting with appropriate buffers and alcohol, as described by Maliki and co-workers [32]. This method can produce higher yields, but it is not ideal for large-scale production, since a large amount of biomass is required to extract a small quantity of compound and a significant amount of waste is generated during the extraction process [32,33]. The products of biosynthesis also depend on several other factors such as compound sensitivity to shear forces, the tissue growth rate, cell aggregation, and cell flotation [32].…”

Section: Production Of Algal Lectinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antiviral Potential of Algal Lectins

Alvarez,

Félix,

Lemos

2023

Marine Drugs

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Algae have emerged as fascinating subjects of study due to their vast potential as sources of valuable metabolites with diverse biotechnological applications, including their use as fertilizers, feed, food, and even pharmaceutical precursors. Among the numerous compounds found in algae, lectins have garnered special attention for their unique structures and carbohydrate specificities, distinguishing them from lectins derived from other sources. Here, a comprehensive overview of the latest scientific and technological advancements in the realm of algal lectins with a particular focus on their antiviral properties is provided. These lectins have displayed remarkable effectiveness against a wide range of viruses, thereby holding great promise for various antiviral applications. It is worth noting that several alga species have already been successfully commercialized for their antiviral potential. However, the discovery of a diverse array of lectins with potent antiviral capabilities suggests that the field holds immense untapped potential for further expansion. In conclusion, algae stand as a valuable and versatile resource, and their lectins offer an exciting avenue for developing novel antiviral agents, which may lead to the development of cutting-edge antiviral therapies.

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Production of Lectins from Marine Algae: Current Status, Challenges, and Opportunities for Non-Destructive Extraction

Cited by 14 publications

References 102 publications

Production of secondary metabolites using tissue culture-based biotechnological applications

Production of secondary metabolites using tissue culture-based biotechnological applications

Marine Bioactives and Their Application in the Food Industry: A Review

The Antiviral Potential of Algal Lectins

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