We compile experimental data for the averaged transverse momentum ( pT ) of proton, Λ, Ξ − , Ω − and φ at mid-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at 200, 39, 27, 19.6, 11.5, 7.7 GeV and in Pb+Pb collisions at √ sNN = 2.76 TeV, and find that experimental data of these hadrons exhibit systematic correlations. We apply a quark combination model with equal-velocity combination approximation to derive analytic formulas of hadronic pT in the case of exponential form of quark pT spectra at hadronization. We use them to successfully explain the systematic correlations exhibited in pT data of pΛ, ΛΞ − , Ξ − Ω − and Ξ − φ pairs. We also use them to successfully explain the regularity observed in pT of these hadrons as the function of (dN ch /dy)/(0.5Npart) at mid-rapidity in central heavy-ion collisions at both RHIC and LHC energies. Our results suggest that the constituent quark degrees of freedom and the equal-velocity combination of these constituent quarks at hadronization play an important role in understanding pT correlations of baryons and φ meson in heavy-ion collisions at these RHIC and LHC energies.