Production of Mesons by the 184-Inch Berkeley Cyclotron

Gardner, Eugene; Lattes, C. M. G.

doi:10.1126/science.107.2776.270

Cited by 86 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Two papers were published describing the method which had been used and the results. The first one described the observation of negative pions [54] and the second, the observation of positive pions being produced [55]. Most of the results that were reported referred to pions produced in carbon targets.…”

Section: The Discovery Of the Pion And Its Consequences (1946-1959)mentioning

confidence: 99%

CR Physics in Brazil

Dobrigkeit¹

2011

Proceedings of 4th School on Cosmic Rays and Astrophysics — PoS(CRA School)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cosmic rays have long been a topic of intense research activities in Brazil. Due to the contagious enthusiasm and excellence of the men who introduced this field in the country around 1930, a tradition in cosmic ray physics was built and over the past eighty years there have always been one or more groups of scientists dedicating their efforts building detectors, performing experiments and obtaining top results in this research area. Although many physicists spent their lives working in cosmic ray physics in Brazil, one must acknowledge the enormous contribution of Gleb Wataghin and Cesar Lattes to making this one of Brazil's most traditional areas of research in Physics. Wataghin and Lattes are the main protagonists of the story of cosmic ray physics in Brazil.

show abstract

Section: The Discovery Of the Pion And Its Consequences (1946-1959)mentioning

confidence: 99%

CR Physics in Brazil

Dobrigkeit¹

2011

Proceedings of 4th School on Cosmic Rays and Astrophysics — PoS(CRA School)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Again we note that the next generation of experiments, where beam velocity pions are measured along with some kinds of tags distinguishing central from peripheral collisions, can give us much more direct information on this "profile" function for dependence on impact parameter. This, in turn, relates to central questions of heavy-ion pion production: ( 1) to what extent is there chemical equilibrium for the pion concentration in hot nuclear matter, (2) to what extent is there charge-exchange equilibrium among pions and nucleons, and (3) to what extent is there thermal equilibration of kinetic energies and momenta. The heavier ion beams newly available should help in finding answers to these questions.…”

Section: Fufure Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now if the observed pion bumps do bear a relation to these theoretical predictions, it does not necessarily imply thermochemical equilibrium nor boson condensation. It does raise two deep questions: (1) what is the origin of the confining potential for the intranuclear pionic orbits and (2) why is nuclear absorption and scattering not so strong as to make orbiting meaningless? The latter question is reminiscent of the question that probably delayed the serious consideration of nuclear shell models for more than a decade after Elsasser's original proposals.…”

Section: Ericson-myhrer Deeply-bound Pion Orbitingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, to have a finaL velocity of zero a 11-must have a small initial velocity vi, outwardly directed. If we assume the pion moves a distance much less than the nuclear radius before being overtaken by the protons, we can by simple Newtonian physics write the equation relating the final to the initial velocity as follows: (1) where Z is the total participant charge. Assuming the velocities are directed along the x-a~is, the classical Jacobian matrix with elements the derivatives of final velocity components with respect to initial velocity Components appears as follows: ·…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Heavy ion pion production: Spectral irregularities

Rasmussen

1983

Nuclear Physics A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[6]; Lattes e cols. [7]; para os píons no acelerador de Berkeley: Gardner e Lattes [8]; Burfening e cols. [9]; iii) para o píon neutro em radiação cósmica: Carlson e cols.…”

unclassified

O papel das emulsões nucleares na institucionalização da pesquisa em física experimental no Brasil

Vieira¹,

Videira

2011

Rev. Bras. Ensino Fís.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neste artigo, descrevemos e analisamos a introdução e o uso da técnica das emulsões nucleares no Brasil. Apesar de pesquisas consistentes naárea de raios cósmicos terem sido feitas na década de 1940 neste país, os físicos aqui começaram a empregar a técnica depois dos trabalhos de César Lattes em Bristol (Inglaterra) e Berkeley (EUA). Mesmo que a introdução da técnica tenha sido posteriorà origem dela -datada do final da década de 1900 -, cientistas brasileiros se familiarizaram rapidamente com o método e o adotaram não só em raios cósmicos, mas também em física de partículas elementares e física nuclear, usando-o até recentemente. Neste artigo, estaremos preocupados com as causas dessa longevidade. Em outras palavras, por que a técnica de emulsões nucleares foi usada por tantos anos no Brasil, mesmo depois de seu abandono em centros de física no mundo? Adiantamos que a resposta para tal pergunta envolve questões históricas relacionadasà formação eà institucionalização da ciência -mais especificamente, da física -no Brasil, bem como razões econômicas, sociais e geográficas. Palavras-chave: história da física, história da física no Brasil, técnica das emulsões nucleares, método fotográfico aplicadoà física.In this paper, we describe and analyze the introduction and the use of the nuclear emulsion technique in Brazil. Even though consistent researches in cosmic ray physics had been done since the forties of the last century in this country, physicists here only began using this technique after Cesar Lattes' works in Bristol (England) and Berkeley (US). Despite being the implantation of the technique in this country posterior to the origin of the method itself -dated from late 1900s -, Brazilian scientists were quickly familiarized with it and adopted it not only in cosmic rays, but also in particle physics and nuclear physics, employing it until recently. In our work, we will be concerned with the reasons of this longevity. In other words, why were the nuclear emulsions technique employed for so many years in Brazil, even after its vanishing in physics researches centers in the world? We advance here that the answer to this question involves the institutionalization of science in Brazilmainly physics -and economical, social, and geographic reasons. Keywords: history of physics, history of physics in Brazil, technique of nuclear emulsions, photographic method applied to physics. IntroduçãoNeste artigo, descrevemos e analisamos o início, logo após a Segunda Guerra, do uso das emulsões nucleares no Brasil, bem como o emprego dessa técnica -também denominada método fotográfico aplicadoà física -pelos quase 50 anos seguintes neste país.No Brasil, a pesquisa em raios cósmicos se iniciou no começo da década de 1940.2 Porém, o elemento que impulsionou o emprego das emulsões nucleares por aqui foi outro: pesquisadores brasileiros dessaárea, bem como de outras duas (física nuclear e física de partículas elementares), passaram a usar essas chapas fotográficas especiais em função do prestígio dos resul-1 E-mail: cleitevieira@...

show abstract

Production of Mesons by the 184-Inch Berkeley Cyclotron

Cited by 86 publications

References 3 publications

CR Physics in Brazil

CR Physics in Brazil

Heavy ion pion production: Spectral irregularities

O papel das emulsões nucleares na institucionalização da pesquisa em física experimental no Brasil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About