Production of microbial chitinases – A revisit

Felse, P. Arthur; Panda, T.

doi:10.1007/pl00009117

Cited by 80 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The complete enzymatic hydrolysis of chitin to free N-acetylglucosamine is performed by a chitinolytic system composed of a group of heterogeneous enzymes which catalyze (synergistically and consecutively) the hydrolytic depolymerization of chitin (Shaikh and Deshpande 1993;Felse and Panda 2000;Patil et al 2000;Gohel et al 2006). The chitinolytic system has been found in microorganisms, plants, and animals (Deshpande 1986;Flach et al 1992;Shaikh and Deshpande 1993;Patil et al 2000;Dahiya et al 2005a;Gohel et al 2006).…”

Section: Chitinolytic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A chitinase was described for the first time by Bernard (1911) who found a thermosensitive and diffusible fraction in orchid bulbs Felse and Panda 2000).…”

Section: Chitinolytic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These pathogenic organisms can be controlled by degrading vital structures (cuticles and membranes of insects, fungal cell walls, and eggshells of nematodes) where chitin plays a fundamental role and can be considered a target molecule for biocide agents (Spindler et al 1990, Cohen 1993, 2001Shaikh and Deshpande 1993;Herrera-Estrella and Chet 1999). The chitinolytic activity has been demonstrated in entomopathogenic fungi, and in mycoparasitic and, more recently, nematophagous fungi (Herrera-Estrella and Chet 1999;Felse and Panda 2000;Patil et al 2000;Yang et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The enzymatic degradation of chitin is performed by a chitinolytic system with synergistic and consecutive action, which completely hydrolyzes chitin into N-acetyl-β-Dglucosamine (GlcNAc) (Shaikh and Deshpande 1993;Felse and Panda 2000;Patil et al 2000). Chitinases have been detected in a great variety of organisms, including those that contain chitin, such as insects, crustaceans, yeasts, and filamentous fungi, and also organisms that do not contain chitin, such as bacteria, higher plants, and vertebrates (Herrera-Estrella and Chet 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fungal chitinases and their biological role in the antagonism onto nematode eggs. A review

Gortari

Hours

2008

Mycol Progress

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Chitin, the most abundant aminopolysaccharide in nature, is a rigid and resistant structural component that contributes to the mechanical strength of chitin-containing organisms. Chemically, it is a linear cationic heteropolysaccharide composed of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and Dglucosamine units. The enzymatic degradation of chitin is performed by a chitinolytic system with synergistic and consecutive action. Diverse organisms (containing chitin or not) produce a great variety of chitinolytic enzymes with different specificities and catalytic properties. Their physiological roles involve nutrition, parasitism, chitin recycling, morphogenesis, and/or defense. Microorganisms, as the main environmental chitin degraders, constitute a very important natural source of chitinolytic enzymes. Nowadays, the most used method for pest and plant diseases control is the utilization of chemical agents, causative of significant environmental pollution. Social concern has generated the search for alternative control systems (i.e., biological control), which contribute to the generation of sustainable agricultural development. Interactions among the different organisms are the natural bases of biological control. Interest in chitinolytic enzymes in the field of biological control has arisen due to their possible involvement in antagonistic activity against pathogenic chitin-containing organisms. The absence of chitin in plants and vertebrate animals allows the consideration of safe and selective "target" molecules for control of chitin-containing pathogenic organisms. Fungi show appropriate characteristics as potential biological control agents of insects, fungi, and nematodes due to the production of fungal enzymes with antagonistic action. The antagonistic interactions between fungi and plant nematode parasites are among the most studied experimental models because of the high economic relevance. Fungi which target nematodes are known as nematophagous fungi. The nematode egg is the only structural element where the presence of chitin has been demonstrated. In spite of being one of the most resistant biological structures, eggs are susceptible to being attacked by egg-parasitic fungi. A combination of physical and chemical phenomena result in their complete destruction. The contribution of fungal chitinases to the in vitro rupture of the eggshell confirms their role as a pathogenic factor. Chitinases have been produced by traditional fermentation methods, which have been improved by optimizing the culture conditions for industrial processes. Although wild-type microorganisms constitute an alternative source of chitinolytic enzymes, the advances in molecular biology are allowing the genetic transformation of fungi to obtain strains with high capability as biocontrol agents. Simultaneously, a better understanding of rhizosphere interactions, additional to the discovery of new molecular biology tools, will allow the choosing of better alternatives for the biological control of nematodes in order to achieve an integrated management of t...

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Section: Chitinolytic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A chitinase was described for the first time by Bernard (1911) who found a thermosensitive and diffusible fraction in orchid bulbs Felse and Panda 2000).…”

Section: Chitinolytic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fungal chitinases and their biological role in the antagonism onto nematode eggs. A review

Gortari

Hours

2008

Mycol Progress

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“…A similar observation was noticed by Vaidya et al (2001) in the case of Alcaligens xylosoxydans. The majority of the bacteria were reported to produce maximum extent of chitinase at neutral or slightly acidic pH (Felse and Panda 2000;Vaidya et al 2001). In case of our isolate, maximum chitinases production was found at pH 7.0 and 35°C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Chitinolytic enzymes from the newly isolated Aeromonas hydrophila SBK1: study of the mosquitocidal activity

et al. 2011

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Aeromonas hydrophila SBK1 (GenBank accession no. HM802878.1), a potent chitinolytic bacterium, was isolated from a pool of 30 chitinolytic isolates. The isolate showed higher chitinolytic activity in respect to clear zone to colony size ratio of 2.15. Maximum production of chitinolytic enzymes, viz., b-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and chitinase (specific activity 655.3 and 71.6 U mg -1 , respectively) by A. hydrophila SBK1 was observed in the synthetic media, containing (w/v)-colloidal chitin, 4.0%; peptone, 0.3%; phosphate, 0.3% (0.15% of each KH 2 PO 4 and K 2 HPO 4 ); NaCl, 0.25%; MgSO 4 , 0.05%; KCl, 0.05%; pH 7.0 and at 35°C after 72 h of incubation. Both carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) and carbon-to-phosphate (C/P) ratio of 13.33 were found optimum for chitinase production. Enzyme productivity increased about twofold in optimized culture condition in respect to its un-optimized state. The crude enzyme showed optimum activity against Culex quinquefasciatus larvae in native water at pH 7.0 and 35°C (LD 50 0.60 U ml -1 at 48 h). Therefore, the studied chitinases can be used as an effective mosquitocidal agent.

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Microbial Chitinases and Their Applications: An Overview

Nayak

Mohanty

et al. 2021

Environmental and Agricultural Microbiology

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Production of microbial chitinases – A revisit

Cited by 80 publications

References 32 publications

Fungal chitinases and their biological role in the antagonism onto nematode eggs. A review

Fungal chitinases and their biological role in the antagonism onto nematode eggs. A review

Chitinolytic enzymes from the newly isolated Aeromonas hydrophila SBK1: study of the mosquitocidal activity

Microbial Chitinases and Their Applications: An Overview

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