Production of Neural Progenitors from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

In the brain, there are hundreds of types of specialized neurons and to generate one type of them we need to have neural progenitors for differentiation to specific neuron type. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are easily isolated, cultured, manipulated ex vivo, showing great potential for therapeutic applications. The adult MSCs have the potential to produce progeny that differentiate into a variety of cell types such as neurons. This fact suggests that MSCs derived neurons are an important cell type and a deep understanding of the molecular characteristics of it would significantly enhance the advancement of cell therapy for neurological disorders. Therefore, in this study, we isolated, identified, and studied neural progenitors by measuring expression levels through neurogenesis pathway of three neural differentiation markers nestin (NES), neurofilament (NF-L), and microtubule association protein (MAP-2) from mouse bone marrow MSCs (mouse bmMSCs) by using butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and diethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as neural inducers agents. The results of immunocytochemistry and Real Time-PCR showed that in contrast to MSCs, neural differentiated cells showed neural progenitor pattern by showing stable increase in NES gene expression through differentiation process with increasing the protein expression through different exposures times, while NF-L gene and protein expression start to increased after 48 h but not replaced the NES expression completely even when its expression passed NES levels. The maturation marker Map-2 expression was low during the duration of differentiation period in protein and gene expression, which prove that these cells are still progenitors and can be redirected into specific type of neurons by further treatments. * Corresponding authors. M. Mohammad et al.2

Preparing polycaprolactone scaffolds using electrospinning technique for construction of artificial periodontal ligament tissue

“…In regenerative medicine, stem cells of various origins are utilised to treat different conditions, such as neurological and endocrine deficits, cartilage abnormalities, and dental conditions. 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 In this study, the cultured PDL cells began to proliferate and migrate between 10 and 20 days of culture; they also manifested a spindle-like fibroblasts. Colonies and confluency of periodental ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have also been described in another study.…”

In vitro periodontal ligament cell expansion by co-culture method and formation of multi-layered periodontal ligament-derived cell sheets

“…PDLSC transplantation was found to be an excellent solution to the limitations of PDLSC autologous transplantation [11]. Bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs) can differentiate into numerous types of cells [12], [13]. These stem cells were used successfully for in vivo and in vitro studies, leading to their clinical use in primary studies for clinical trials and therapies [14].…”