Production of Oxidative and Hydrolytic Enzymes by Coprinus cinereus (Schaeff.) Gray from Sisal Wastes Supplemented with Cow Dung Manure

Abstract

The activity of oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes of the edible and medicinal white rot fungi Coprinus cinereus (Schaeff.) Gray mushroom was observed during mycelia growth and fruiting body development in solid substrate fermentation using sisal waste fractions amended with cow dung manure as supplement. Laccase had the highest titre value among the five detected enzymes. Its activity was higher during mycelia growth compared to fruiting phase, with 10% supplemented substrate formulation unmixed sisal leaf decortication residues [abbreviated SL : SB (100 : 0)] displaying the highest activity of 39.45 ± 12.05 Ug−1. Lignin peroxidase (LiP) exhibited a characteristic wave-like pattern with the highest peaks found either during full mycelia colonization or soon after first flush harvest; the highest activity of 1.93 ± 0.62 Ug−1 was observed on unsupplemented SL : SB (100 : 0) substrate formulation during mycelia colonization. For hydrolytic enzymes, the highest carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity of 2.03 ± 0.70 Ug−1 was observed on 20% supplemented SL : SB (0 : 100) after first flush; that of pectinase (1.90 ± 0.32 Ug−1) was revealed after third flush on 10% supplemented SL : SB (0 : 100) substrate formulation while 10% supplemented SL : SB (25 : 75) exhibited the highest xylanase activity (1.23 ± 0.12 Ug−1) after first flush. These findings show that the activities of both oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes were regulated in line with developmental phase of growth of Coprinus cinereus.

Characteristics and Functional Application of Cellulose Fibers Extracted from Cow Dung Wastes

“…Lignocellulose-based materials receive much attention because of their numerous advantages such as lightweight, cost-effectiveness, non-toxicity, high mechanical strength, biodegradability and biocompatibility. Among them, cellulose fiber is one of the main components of natural fibers found in wood (softwood and hardwood [ 2 ]) and plants (banana [ 3 ], palm tree [ 4 ], hemp [ 5 ], coconut husk [ 6 ], flax [ 7 ], cotton [ 8 ], and sisal [ 9 ]). Cellulose fiber is a linear, high-molecular-weight homopolysaccharide made up of β-1,4-D-glucose units [ 10 ].…”