Production of Pigs From Porcine Embryos Generated in vitro

Chen, Paula; Uh, Kyungjun; Redel, Bethany K.; Reese, Emily D.; Prather, Randall S.; Lee, Kiho

doi:10.3389/fanim.2022.826324

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(185 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…38, No. 2, June 2023 food production and production of transgenic animals and human pharmaceutical proteins, models for biomedical research, and source for xenotransplantation (Chen et al, 2022). However, despite advances in the field, the success rate of ART procedures remains unsatisfactory in many cases (Chambers et al, 2021) and requires further improvements.…”

Section: Antioxidants As Alleviating Agents Of In-vitro Embryo Produc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants as alleviating agents of in-vitro embryo production oxidative stress

Almubarak

Jeon

2023

J Anim Reprod Biotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite numerous advances in in-vitro embryo production (IVP), many documented factors have been shown to influence the development of mammalian preimplantation embryos and the success of IVP. In this sense, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) correlate with poor outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) due to oxidative stress (OS), which results from an imbalance between ROS production and neutralization. Indeed, excessive production of ROS compromises the structural and functional integrity of gametes and embryos both in vivo and in vitro. In particular, OS damages proteins, lipids, and DNA and accelerates cell apoptosis. Several in-vivo and in-vitro studies report an improvement in qualityrelevant parameters after the use of various antioxidants. In this review, we focus on OS and the source of free radicals and their effects on oocytes, sperm, and the embryo during IVP. In addition, antioxidants and their important role in IVP, supplementation during oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro culture (IVC), and semen extenders were discussed. Nevertheless, various methods for determining the level of ROS in germ cells have been briefly described. Still, it is crucial to develop standardized antioxidant supplement systems to improve overall IVP success. Further studies should explore the safety, efficacy, mechanism of action, and combination of different antioxidants to improve IVP outcomes.

show abstract

Section: Antioxidants As Alleviating Agents Of In-vitro Embryo Produc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants as alleviating agents of in-vitro embryo production oxidative stress

Almubarak

Jeon

2023

J Anim Reprod Biotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While genome editing and somatic cell nuclear transfer techniques employed for genetic engineering purposes necessitate the use of these in vitro embryos, the PA embryo holds the advantage of stably preserving the dominant genotype [6,7]. However, when compared to embryos resulting from natural in vivo development (IVV), IVF and PA embryos exhibit noticeable phenotypic defects during embryonic development, including irregular cell morphology, slower developmental cleavage rates, lower rates of embryonic formation, lower pregnancy rate after transfer, and small litter size [8][9][10]. PA embryos that lack paternal genomes even face embryonic mortality [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Differences in Chromatin Remodeling and Energy Metabolism among In Vivo-Developed, In Vitro-Fertilized, and Parthenogenetically Activated Embryos from the Oocyte to 8-Cell Stages in Pigs

Fan,

Liu,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In vitro-fertilized (IVF) and parthenogenetically activated (PA) embryos, key to genetic engineering, face more developmental challenges than in vivo-developed embryos (IVV). We analyzed single-cell RNA-seq data from the oocyte to eight-cell stages in IVV, IVF, and PA porcine embryos, focusing on developmental differences during early zygotic genome activation (ZGA), a vital stage for embryonic development. (1) Our findings reveal that in vitro embryos (IVF and PA) exhibit more similar developmental trajectories compared to IVV embryos, with PA embryos showing the least gene diversity at each stage. (2) Significant differences in maternal mRNA, particularly affecting mRNA splicing, energy metabolism, and chromatin remodeling, were observed. Key genes like SMARCB1 (in vivo) and SIRT1 (in vitro) played major roles, with HDAC1 (in vivo) and EZH2 (in vitro) likely central in their complexes. (3) Across different types of embryos, there was minimal overlap in gene upregulation during ZGA, with IVV embryos demonstrating more pronounced upregulation. During minor ZGA, global epigenetic modification patterns diverged and expanded further. Specifically, in IVV, genes, especially those linked to H4 acetylation and H2 ubiquitination, were more actively regulated compared to PA embryos, which showed an increase in H3 methylation. Additionally, both types displayed a distinction in DNA methylation. During major ZGA, IVV distinctively upregulated genes related to mitochondrial regulation, ATP synthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation. (4) Furthermore, disparities in mRNA degradation-related genes between in vivo and in vitro embryos were more pronounced during major ZGA. In IVV, there was significant maternal mRNA degradation. Maternal genes regulating phosphatase activity and cell junctions, highly expressed in both in vivo and in vitro embryos, were degraded in IVV in a timely manner but not in in vitro embryos. (5) Our analysis also highlighted a higher expression of many mitochondrially encoded genes in in vitro embryos, yet their nucleosome occupancy and the ATP8 expression were notably higher in IVV.

show abstract

“…To date, many efforts have been made to develop suitable in vitro environments that can successfully support embryonic development. Despite continuous efforts to improve the in vitro production (IVP) of porcine embryos, their efficiency remains low and is affected by many factors, such as medium composition and culture conditions (Chen et al, 2022; Dang‐Nguyen et al, 2011). In vitro culture (IVC) is a crucial step in IVP, affecting embryo quality, implantation and early fetal development (Cagnone & Sirard, 2016; Ramos‐Ibeas et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of niacin supplementation during in vitro culture on the developmental competence of porcine embryos

Almubarak,

Osman,

Lee

et al. 2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Niacin is a water‐soluble vitamin belonging to the vitamin B complex. It has been found to possess various biological activities, including antioxidant and lipid modification capacities. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of niacin treatment in porcine in vitro culture (IVC) medium on embryo developmental competence after parthenogenetic activation. IVC medium was supplemented with different concentrations of niacin (0 [control], 300, 600 and 900 μM). The results showed that embryos cultured in an IVC medium supplemented with 300 and 600 μM niacin had an increased cleavage rate (p < .05). In addition, 300 μM niacin treatment resulted in a higher blastocyst formation rate than the control and other niacin‐treated groups. However, the total cell number did not differ significantly among the experimental groups. Niacin supplementation at 600 μM decreased reactive oxygen species, whereas treatment with 300, 600 and 900 μM increased glutathione levels in day two embryos. On day seven, 300 μM niacin exhibited improved fatty acid levels and fewer lipid droplets than the control group. Furthermore, gene expression at the mRNA level was performed on day two and day seven embryos, treated with or without 300 μM niacin. The expression of anti‐apoptotic BCL2 and lipid metabolism PLIN2‐related genes were upregulated, whereas the pro‐apoptotic BAX and CASPASE3 were downregulated with niacin supplementation compared with the control group. However, SIRT1, a gene related to energy and the oxidative state, was up‐regulated in niacin‐treated day two embryos (p < .05). Overall, the results indicate that niacin has a beneficial effect on pre‐implantation embryo development by modulating lipid metabolism and reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. The expression patterns of PLIN2 and SIRT1 reported here suggest that these transcripts may be involved in the mechanism by which niacin affects the developmental capacity of IVC embryos.

show abstract

Production of Pigs From Porcine Embryos Generated in vitro

Cited by 14 publications

References 145 publications

Antioxidants as alleviating agents of in-vitro embryo production oxidative stress

Antioxidants as alleviating agents of in-vitro embryo production oxidative stress

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Differences in Chromatin Remodeling and Energy Metabolism among In Vivo-Developed, In Vitro-Fertilized, and Parthenogenetically Activated Embryos from the Oocyte to 8-Cell Stages in Pigs

Effects of niacin supplementation during in vitro culture on the developmental competence of porcine embryos

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About