production of piperidine from pipecolic acid in the rat

Kasé, Yoshitoshi; Okano, Yoshiro; Yamanishi, Y.; Kataoka, Mikiko; Kitahara, Kazuta; Miyata, Takeshi

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(70)90097-4

Cited by 38 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The amino acid is a normal constituent of brain, where it is thought to be a precursor of piperidine [15]. Piperidine which arises from dietary sources and also endogenously from decarboxylation of pipecolic acid [i0, 11] appears to exert a strong pharmacological action on cholinoreceptive neurons and it is speculated that its role in the central nervous system is as a neurotransmitter or a neuromodulator [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of infantile phytanic acid storage disease: clinical, biochemical and ultrastructural findings in two children treated for 2 years

et al. 1988

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Two patients with infantile phytanic acid storage disease (infantile Refsum disease), one of whom showed the presence of morphologically normal peroxisomes in a liver biopsy, were treated with a low phytanic acid diet for more than 2 years and the effects of treatment on certain clinical, biochemical and ultrastructural parameters were examined. Both patients showed evidence of either an improvement or stabilisation in their clinical condition. Plasma phytanic acid levels decreased to near normal values in approximately 6 weeks after the introduction of the diet; plasma pipecolic acid also declined markedly but the decrease was not so rapid and its level remained abnormal. C26:C22 fatty acid ratios decreased very slowly and even after 2 years the values remained grossly abnormal. Despite the marked reduction of phytanic acid in the liver, there was an increase in the C26:C22 fatty acid ratios and this appeared to be paralleled by an increase in inclusion bodies. Our data suggest that some patients with the infantile form of Refsum disease may show some clinical benefit from dietary management and this is reflected biochemically by decreases in the plasma levels of phytanic acid and pipecolic acid.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of infantile phytanic acid storage disease: clinical, biochemical and ultrastructural findings in two children treated for 2 years

et al. 1988

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“…Increases in plasma pipecolic acid have also been observed in Zellweger's syndrome (Danks et al 1975, Tribjels et al 1979, Arneson et al 1982, hyperpipecolic acidemia (Thomas et al 1975, Gatfield et al 1968) neonatal ALD (Farrel et al 1983) and hyperlysinemia (Kase et al 1970). It has been suggested that the increase in pipecolic acid may have important effects within the central nervous system and may explain some of the neurological findings in these disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Infantile Refsum's disease (phytanic acid storage disease): a variant of Zellweger's syndrome?

1984

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The activity of phytanic acid oxidase is low in infantile and adult Refsum's disease, and in the cerebro‐hepato‐renal (Zellweger's) syndrome. The plasma of patients with the infantile but not the adult form of Refsum's disease contains increased amounts of pipecolic acid and of at least two abnormal bile acids, one of which has been identified as 3α, 7α, 12α trihydroxy‐5β‐cholestan‐26‐oic acid. These changes are similar to those reported in the Zellweger syndrome and indicate that there may be similarities in the metabolic defects in Zellweger's syndrome and the infantile form of Refsum's disease.

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“…The discrepancies between our results and those reported by Kase et al (1973) are difficult to ex-plain, and should be clarified in further investigations including enzyme studies of L-pipecolate catabolism. The production of piperidine from pipecolic acid observed in rat brain in vitro (Kase et al, 1967) and in vivo (Kase et al, 1970;1974) may be indicative of pipecolate as a precursor of an as yet unestablished compound (Schmidt-Glenewinkel et al, 1977;Nomura et al, 1978). Enzyme studies contributing to the metabolic fate of L-pipecolic acid in the mammalian CNS are under way in our laboratory in order to get some insight into the neurobiological significance of this amino acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

l‐Pipecolate Formation in the Mammalian Brain. Regional Distribution of Δ¹Pyrroline‐2‐carboxylate Reductase Activity

Garweg¹,

Rehren²,

Hintze³

1980

Journal of Neurochemistry

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L-Pipecolate formation exhibits considerable regional differences in the central nervous system of the mouse, dog, and monkey, as reflected in measurements of the activity of delta1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate reductase (D.C. 1.5.1.1). The rate of reduction of delta1-piperidine-2-carboxylate was high in certain telencephalic and diencephalic regions, lower in the brain stem, and not measurable in the cerebellum and spinal cord. In addition to delta1-piperidine-2-carboxylate, delta1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate was also found to be a substrate for the same enzyme in homogenates of mouse forebrain. Enzyme kinetic data for both substrates and, in addition, for NADH were derived from determinations using enzyme fractions of mouse telencephalon. The discussion is based on earlier findings concerning the utilisation of D-proline in the neuronal protein synthesis of mouse brain.

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production of piperidine from pipecolic acid in the rat

Cited by 38 publications

References 14 publications

Treatment of infantile phytanic acid storage disease: clinical, biochemical and ultrastructural findings in two children treated for 2 years

Treatment of infantile phytanic acid storage disease: clinical, biochemical and ultrastructural findings in two children treated for 2 years

Infantile Refsum's disease (phytanic acid storage disease): a variant of Zellweger's syndrome?

l‐Pipecolate Formation in the Mammalian Brain. Regional Distribution of Δ¹Pyrroline‐2‐carboxylate Reductase Activity

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production of piperidine from pipecolic acid in the rat

Cited by 38 publications

References 14 publications

Treatment of infantile phytanic acid storage disease: clinical, biochemical and ultrastructural findings in two children treated for 2 years

Treatment of infantile phytanic acid storage disease: clinical, biochemical and ultrastructural findings in two children treated for 2 years

Infantile Refsum's disease (phytanic acid storage disease): a variant of Zellweger's syndrome?

l‐Pipecolate Formation in the Mammalian Brain. Regional Distribution of Δ1Pyrroline‐2‐carboxylate Reductase Activity

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l‐Pipecolate Formation in the Mammalian Brain. Regional Distribution of Δ¹Pyrroline‐2‐carboxylate Reductase Activity