Production of residual nuclei by 3He-induced reactions on 27Al and natCu

Excitation function of natCu(3He,x)65Zn nuclear reaction for 3He beam monitoring purpose

“…On the other hand, all authors report the intensity of the 1115 keV γ-line used for 65 Zn identification, and their excitation functions were renormalized by using the latest intensity adopted by us (i.e., 50.04%) for comparison. Figure 1 shows our result is slightly lower than Kondratyev et al, [25] above 25 MeV, and systematically higher than the IAEA recommended cross-sections [1,13], which agrees with Lebowitz and Greene (1970) [24] above 25 MeV. The TENDL-2019 library is close to our excitation function below 20 MeV but does not predict the peak around 30 MeV, while EMPIRE-3.2.3 predicts a quite low excitation function.…”

“…The 1115.539 keV γ-ray (I γ =50.04%) [23] emitted following the EC+β + decay of 65 Zn is the only characteristic and intense γ-line to identify 65 Zn, and it was adopted in this work. A general survey of the literature revealed that three earlier works [24][25][26] are available on the production cross-sections of 65 Zn via helion activation on natural copper target, and detailed information on the experimental parameters adopted by the respective authors are summarized in Table 2. The table shows that the three experimental works used a monitor reaction and/or Faraday cups.…”

Reference Cross Sections for Charged-particle Monitor Reactions

“…Bissem et al (1980) [277] quantifies cross sections at only two energies (14.3 and 24.3 MeV), although cumulative formation on nat Cu could be derived from the original data (separate values for 65 Ga and 65 Zn formation on enriched 63,65 Cu targets). The published values of Kondratev et al (1997) [266] were multiplied by a factor of 0.85 to obtain better agreement with much of the data from the other authors. Golchert et al (1970) [279] considered only the contribution of reactions on 65 Cu, and therefore the low-energy region of the excitation function is underestimated.…”

“…Six publications with experimental cross-section data that covered the energy range of interest were identified in the literature [264][265][266][269][270][271], and are represented with uncertainties in Fig. 24(a).…”

“…Decay characteristics of 65 Zn were discussed in Sec. II H. Six publications with experimental cross-section data at incident particle energies up to 95 MeV were identified in the literature as relevant [266,[277][278][279][280][281], and are shown with uncertainties in Fig. 28(a).…”