Production of the Antimalarial, Artemisinin, by Transformed Roots of Artemisia Annua

Weathers, Pamela J.; Smith, T. C.; Hemmavanh, D. D.; Follansbee, E.; Ryan, John H.; Cheetham, R. D.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1996.426.17

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…As expected from earlier single factor experiments (Weathers et at., 1996), nitrate showed an effect on root growth but did not play a significant role in terpenoid production. Phosphate was a relatively influential factor for both growth and production; 2.0 and 1.0 mM were optimal for root growth and artemisinic compounds, respectively.…”

Section: Single Factor Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Earlier, Weathers et al (1996) showed that growth and product yield decreased as the concentration of nitrate was raised beyond the standard concentration in B5 medium (24.7 mM). Ammonia inhibited growth but appeared to be somewhat stimulatory to AN production.…”

Section: Single Factor Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ammonia inhibited growth but appeared to be somewhat stimulatory to AN production. Furthermore, at 0.5 mM phosphate, the highest levels of AN were observed; growth was best at phosphate concentrations between 1-3 nr~/ (Weathers et at., 1996). However, the same results were not observed in using the four-factor orthogonal experiment design.…”

Section: Single Factor Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactive effects of nitrate and phosphate salts, sucrose, and inoculum culture age on growth and sesquiterpene production in Artemisia annua hairy root cultures

Weathers

Hemmavanh

Walcerz

et al. 1997

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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We analyzed four factors (phosphate and nitrate salts, sucrose, and culture inoculum age), simultaneously at three levels using a fractional factorial design method to determine the most suitable conditions for maximizing both root biomass and terpenoid production in transformed Artemis& annua root cultures. Optimal growth conditions were determined to be: nitrate (15 mM), phosphate (1.0 nrM), sucrose content (5% wt/vol), and inoculum age (8 d-old). Determination of optimal conditions for sesquiterpene production was more complicated than for biomass production. For most experiments artemisinic acid was undetectable especially in experiments where phosphate was greater than 0.5 mM and for nearly all culture inoculum ages of 14 d. Artemisinic acid was also never detected whenever arteannuin B was present. Arteannuin B was the major artemisinic compound detected in these experiments, sometimes at levels exceeding 300 ~tg/g fresh weight. When the sum of artemisinin and its three precursors is analyzed, three factors (sucrose, nitrate, and inoculum age) are heavily dependent on one another, and in conjunction with possible degradation of artemisinin by peroxidase, the current analysis does not provide a clear picture regarding the most effective conditions for maximizing the production of artemisinin.

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Section: Single Factor Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Single Factor Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Single Factor Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactive effects of nitrate and phosphate salts, sucrose, and inoculum culture age on growth and sesquiterpene production in Artemisia annua hairy root cultures

Weathers

Hemmavanh

Walcerz

et al. 1997

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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“…Initially we used inoculum from late-log cultures (14 day) to compare biomass yields in flasks. However, previous studies with hairy root cultures showed that the age of the inoculum culture might affect root growth as well as secondary metabolite production (Takahashi et al 2001;Weathers et al 1996Weathers et al , 1997. A common result of polyploidy in plants is a reduced number of cell divisions during growth and development (Adaniya and Shira 2001;Otto and Whitton 2000), so overall reduced growth was not surprising.…”

Section: Growth Of Diploid and Tetraploid Clonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetraploid Artemisia annua hairy roots produce more artemisinin than diploids

Jesus-Gonzalez

Weathers

2003

Plant Cell Rep

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Hairy root cultures of diploid Artemisia annua L. (clone YUT16) grow rapidly and produce the antimalarial sesquiterpene artemisinin. Little is known about how polyploidy affects the growth of transformed hairy roots and the production of secondary metabolites. Using colchicine, we produced four stable tetraploid clones of A. annua L. from the YUT16 hairy root clone. Analysis showed major differences in growth and artemisinin production compared to the diploid clone. Tetraploid clones produced up to six times more artemisinin than the diploid parent. This study provides an initial step in increasing our understanding of the role of polyploidy in secondary metabolite production, especially in hairy roots.

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“…However, some other plant species may respond better to other strains of A. Rhizogenes. Successful gene transfer to callus tissue regeneration shoots [4], suspension [5] and roots [6,7,8] have resulted in increased levels of artemisinin synthesized in the cell 1-5 times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ri-gene transformation into leaf tissues of Artemisia annua L. and cultivation of hairy-root for artemisinin accumulation

Van¹

2017

Seventh International Conference on Advances in Applied Science and Environmental Technology - ASET 2017

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Production of the Antimalarial, Artemisinin, by Transformed Roots of Artemisia Annua

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Interactive effects of nitrate and phosphate salts, sucrose, and inoculum culture age on growth and sesquiterpene production in Artemisia annua hairy root cultures

Interactive effects of nitrate and phosphate salts, sucrose, and inoculum culture age on growth and sesquiterpene production in Artemisia annua hairy root cultures

Tetraploid Artemisia annua hairy roots produce more artemisinin than diploids

Ri-gene transformation into leaf tissues of Artemisia annua L. and cultivation of hairy-root for artemisinin accumulation

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