Production of toxins by Alternaria alternata and A. radicina and their effects on germination of carrot seeds

Tylkowska, K.; Grabarkiewicz-Szczesna, J; Iwanowska, H.

doi:10.15258/sst.2003.31.2.08

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…11, Table S1 ESI †) is a natural tetramic acid derivative isolated from several phytopathogenic fungi species of Phoma, Pyricularia and Alternaria, particularly from Alternaria alternata, A. longipes and A. tenuissima. [116][117][118] Qiang et al 119 found that 101 produced by A. alternata, isolated from the invasive plant croonweed (Ageratina adenophora), is highly phytotoxic to a broad spectrum of plants. [116][117][118] Qiang et al 119 found that 101 produced by A. alternata, isolated from the invasive plant croonweed (Ageratina adenophora), is highly phytotoxic to a broad spectrum of plants.…”

Section: Miscellaneous Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal phytotoxins with potential herbicidal activity: chemical and biological characterization

Cimmino¹,

Masi²,

Evidente³

et al. 2015

Nat. Prod. Rep.

155

149

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Covering: 2007 to 2015 Fungal phytotoxins are secondary metabolites playing an important role in the induction of disease symptoms interfering with host plant physiological processes. Although fungal pathogens represent a heavy constraint for agrarian production and for forest and environmental heritage, they can also represent an ecofriendly alternative to manage weeds. Indeed, the phytotoxins produced by weed pathogenic fungi are an efficient tool to design natural, safe bioherbicides. Their use could avoid that of synthetic pesticides causing resistance in the host plants and the long term impact of residues in agricultural products with a risk to human and animal health. The isolation and structural and biological characterization of phytotoxins produced by pathogenic fungi for weeds, including parasitic plants, are described. Structure activity relationships and mode of action studies for some phytotoxins are also reported to elucidate the herbicide potential of these promising fungal metabolites.

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Section: Miscellaneous Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal phytotoxins with potential herbicidal activity: chemical and biological characterization

Cimmino¹,

Masi²,

Evidente³

et al. 2015

Nat. Prod. Rep.

155

149

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“…Alternariolinduced cytotoxicity is mediated by activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. High concentrations of tenuazonic acid inhibit protein synthesis and, thus, negatively affect seed germination (Tylkowska et al 2003, Bart & Thomma 2003. Moreover, A. brassicae-and A. brassicicolaproduced cytokines cause green discolorations within the diseased spots (Tylkowska et al 2004).…”

Section: Pathogen Profile and Infection Progressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternaria Black Spot of Crucifers: Symptoms, Importance of Disease, and Perspectives of Resistance Breeding

Nowicki

Nowakowska

Niezgoda

et al. 2012

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

110

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Alternaria black spot of cruciferous vegetables, incited by different species of Alternaria, remains an increasing threat to Brassicaceae crops throughout the world, including Poland. Brassica plants are attacked by conidia of A. brassicae (Berk.) Sacc., A. brassicicola (Schw.) Wiltsh., A. raphani Groves & Skolko, and A. alternata (Fr.) Kreissler. The pathogens have a wide spectrum of hosts, such as head cabbage, Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, and other crucifers including cultivated and wild grown plants.Alternaria pathogens usually cause damping-off of seedlings, spotting of leaves of cabbages, blackleg of heads of cabbages, and spotting of cauliflower curds and broccoli florets. In oilseed rape, A. brassicae is the dominant invasive species, while in the cruciferous vegetables, both species, A. brassicae, and A. brassicicola are encountered. Infected seeds with spores on the seed coat or mycelium under the seed coat are the main means of distribution for these pathogens. The fungus can overwinter on susceptible weeds or crop debris and on seed plants, as well as on stecklings.Methods for disease prevention and control are based on combining agricultural management practices with chemical control. Using disease-free seeds or seeds treated with fungicides can greatly reduce disease incidence. After appearance of the first symptoms of disease, stringent fungicide spray program is an effective way to reduce losses. Many authors seem to agree, that the most economically feasible method of disease control is the development of resistant Brassicaceae crops varieties, as transgenic approach proved unsuccessful. Due to our increasing understanding of pathogen-host plant interactions, identification of resistance sources, and assessment of the resistance trait inheritance mode, breeding programs of Brassica crops for Alternaria resistance can be enhanced. This is of particular importance since recent years experience dynamic development of ecological and integrated plant production with an emphasis on plant biotic stress resistance. Highly resistant genetic resources have not been reported in Brassica cultivated species, although some varieties differ in their resistance/susceptibility level. 6 VEGETABLE CROPS RESEARCH BULLETIN 76 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Strong cross-incompatibility, polygenic background of the resistance (additive and dominant gene interactions), as well as the differences in ploidy between the Brassica species of interest, render the transfer of Alternaria resistance from the wild species into the cultivated forms difficult. Additionally, it is often connected with employment of in vitro hybridization techniques, including somatic hybridization, embryo and ovary rescue, or protoplast fusion.

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“…A. radicina has also been reported to cause foliar blight on parsley, stalk/root rot of celery, and to be pathogenic on caraway, dill, fennel and parsnip (Farrar et al 2004). A. radicina is a producer of mycotoxins that adversely affect the germination of carrot seeds (Tylkowska et al 2003) but apparently do not present a hazard for consumers (Solfrizzo et al 2005). In most carrot production areas, chemical control of Alternaria leaf blight is practised to prevent destruction of the photosynthetic surface area of the plant and to allow for efficient mechanical harvest (Ben-Noon et al 2003;Bounds et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of non-chemical seed treatment methods for the control of Alternaria dauci and A. radicina on carrot seeds

Koch¹,

Schmitt²,

Stephan³

et al. 2010

Eur J Plant Pathol

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The current study was initiated to evaluate the efficacy of physical methods (hot water, aerated steam, electron treatment) and agents of natural origin (resistance inducers, plant derived products, microorganisms) as seed treatments of carrots for control of Alternaria dauci and A. radicina. Control of both Alternaria species by seed treatment with the resistance inducers was generally poor. Results were also Eur J Plant Pathol

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Production of toxins by Alternaria alternata and A. radicina and their effects on germination of carrot seeds

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Fungal phytotoxins with potential herbicidal activity: chemical and biological characterization

Fungal phytotoxins with potential herbicidal activity: chemical and biological characterization

Alternaria Black Spot of Crucifers: Symptoms, Importance of Disease, and Perspectives of Resistance Breeding

Evaluation of non-chemical seed treatment methods for the control of Alternaria dauci and A. radicina on carrot seeds

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