Production of valuable pyrolytic oils from mixed Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Indonesia using non-isothermal and isothermal experimental

Gandidi, Indra Mamad; Susila, M. Dyan; Pambudi, Nugroho Agung

doi:10.1016/j.csite.2017.08.003

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In particular, pyrolysis decomposes organic waste materials at high temperatures in the absence of oxygen, producing a mixture of gas, liquids (such as bio-oil), and solid residue (char) [26], whereas gasification involves the conversion of waste into a combustible gas (CO 2 , H 2 , CO, and CH 4 ) by heating waste in an oxygen-reduced environment using an Air Separation Unit [22]. However, both pyrolysis and gasification techniques are not economically feasible compared to traditional incineration and need further research [27].…”

Section: Waste-to-energy Incinerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Waste-to-Energy Incineration Integrated with Carbon Capture Utilization or Storage Retrofit Application

Bertone,

Stabile,

Buonanno

2024

Sustainability

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This paper provides an overview of the integration of Carbon Capture, Utilization, or Storage (CCUS) technologies with Waste-to-Energy (WtE) incineration plants in retrofit applications. It explains the operational principles of WtE incineration, including the generation of both biogenic and fossil CO2 emissions and the potential for CCUS technologies to mitigate these emissions. In addition, the paper covers the regulatory framework influencing the adoption of such technologies and highlights the recent Directive 2023/959 for the inclusion of WtE incinerators in the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) by 2028. This measure could provide a significant impulse for the integration of CCUS in WtE incineration plants. Moreover, it discusses the use of CO2 captured, which could be used in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU), and offers a comparison of the CCUS projects that have already been implemented worldwide, with a focus on the Netherlands and Italy. It illustrates the Netherlands’ advantageous position due to its developed CO2 market and early CCUS adoption, compared to Italy’s emerging market and initial storage solutions.

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Section: Waste-to-energy Incinerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Waste-to-Energy Incineration Integrated with Carbon Capture Utilization or Storage Retrofit Application

Bertone,

Stabile,

Buonanno

2024

Sustainability

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“…Then, the direct catalytic cracking (without LBCR) by non-isothermal in which MMSW sample was mixed directly with catalyst was performed to analyze the results of LBCR improvement. In addition, other comparisons with liquid fuel from pyrolysis process in absence of catalysts have also been attempted [26]. Hereinafter, the first reactor for thermal cracking was made from the stainless steel cylinder with the dimension of 310 mm in height and 160 mm ID and be equipped with an electrical heating jacket around the reactor.…”

Section: 11 Pyrolysis Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stepwise Pyrolysis by LBCR Downstream to Enhance of Gasoline Fraction of Liquid Fuel from MMSW

Gandidi¹,

Suryadi²,

Mardawati³

et al. 2022

Energy Engineering

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Pyrolysis is one of the thermal cracking methods to convert hydrocarbon to liquid fuel. The quantity and quality of the process are dependent on several condition including temperature, reaction time, catalyst, and the type of reactor. Meanwhile, a gasoline fraction was maximum product to be considered in the pyrolisis process. Therefore, this study aims to increase the gasoline fraction in liquid fuel using stepwise pyrolysis with a long bed catalytic reactor downstream (LBCR). The LBCR downstream was equipped with the top and bottom outlet and the fed source was mixed municipal solid waste (MMSW). The activated natural dolomite at 500°C was used to allow the repetition of the secondary cracking. Also, the reactor temperature was setup at around 200°C-300°C and the pyrolizer was 400°C. To analyze the gasoline fraction and physical properties of liquid fuel, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) and ASTM standard were employed. The experimental results showed there was a significant increase in the gasoline fraction of liquid fuels compared to using direct catalytic cracking and absence of catalysts. By using a LBCR at 250°C, the liquid fuel obtained at top outlet (TO) and bottom outlet (BO) have 84.08 and 56.94 percent peak area of gasoline fraction (C5-C12), respectively. The average value (TO and BO) of the fraction at 250°C by LBCR was 70.51 percent peak area and it was increased by about 93.6% and 51.14% compared to without catalyst and direct catalytic, respectively. Furthermore, pyrolytic liquid oils were found to have kinematic viscosity of 2.979 and 0.789 cSt, density of 0.781 and 0.782 g/cm 3 , and flash point <−5°C for BO-250 and TO-250 liquid fuel, respectively. These results showed BO liquid fuel was comparable to diesel conventional fuel while TO liquid fuel was comparable to gasoline. Evidently, the presence of LBCR made a major contribution to generate multi secondary cracking and to produce more gasoline fraction from mixed MMSW feedstock, as well as to increase the physical properties of liquid fuel.

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“…[ 7 ] However, with the increasing attention to environmental protection and energy utilization, more and more researchers pay attention to the impact of solid waste treatment on the environment. [ 8 ] Some researchers noted that landfilling would result in environmental issues as non‐degradable solid waste could last in the soil a long time. [ 9 ] As for incineration, it is difficult for CPVC to ignite, and the chlorine polymers will be released, which is a health hazard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the kinetic parameters of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride waste pyrolysis by particle swarm optimization

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2021

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is a widely‐used material in various fields with excellent properties. However, CPVC waste is one of the most intractable solids to dispose of. With the development of pyrolysis technology, some advantages have been exhibited, for example, it is flexible to convert solid waste into clean products by pyrolysis, which can be used as energy. Therefore, pyrolysis is considered as an effective method to dispose of solid waste. Especially, kinetic parameters are significant for pyrolysis, which contributes to reactor design and waste management. To better apply the kinetic parameters of CPVC to dispose of waste, thermogravimetric experiments were conducted to obtain the kinetic parameters and establish the reaction mechanism. The Tang, distributed activation energy model, and Advanced Vyazovkin methods were used to calculate the activation energy, and the reaction order was obtained by the Coats‐Redfern method. The results showed that the reaction consisted of two stages, and the average activation energy of the corresponding stage was 153.27 and 290.55 kJ/mol, respectively. However, the abovementioned parameters by traditional methods were not enough to characterize the whole pyrolysis behaviors, then the obtained kinetic parameters were further optimized and extra parameters were computed by the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm.

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Production of valuable pyrolytic oils from mixed Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Indonesia using non-isothermal and isothermal experimental

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

An Overview of Waste-to-Energy Incineration Integrated with Carbon Capture Utilization or Storage Retrofit Application

An Overview of Waste-to-Energy Incineration Integrated with Carbon Capture Utilization or Storage Retrofit Application

Stepwise Pyrolysis by LBCR Downstream to Enhance of Gasoline Fraction of Liquid Fuel from MMSW

Estimation of the kinetic parameters of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride waste pyrolysis by particle swarm optimization

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