Production, oxidation and emission of methane in rice paddies

Holzapfel-Pschorn, A.; Conrad, Ralf; Seiler, W.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1985.tb01170.x

Cited by 237 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Methane (CH 4 ) emitted from rice paddies is mostly synthesized by methanogenic archaea. Although the majority of the CH 4 produced in rice paddy soil is oxidized by CH 4 -using eubacteria (33), much of the remaining CH 4 diffuses through the soil into the plant roots and is expelled via the aerenchyma tissue of the rice plant itself (19). We found a large difference in abundance of methanogenic archaea between the field plants and the greenhouse plants.…”

Section: Cultivation Practice Results In Discernible Differences In Tmentioning

confidence: 70%

Structure, variation, and assembly of the root-associated microbiomes of rice

Edwards¹,

Johnson²,

Santos‐Medellín³

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

2,164

216

1,607

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Plants depend upon beneficial interactions between roots and microbes for nutrient availability, growth promotion, and disease suppression. High-throughput sequencing approaches have provided recent insights into root microbiomes, but our current understanding is still limited relative to animal microbiomes. Here we present a detailed characterization of the root-associated microbiomes of the crop plant rice by deep sequencing, using plants grown under controlled conditions as well as field cultivation at multiple sites. The spatial resolution of the study distinguished three root-associated compartments, the endosphere (root interior), rhizoplane (root surface), and rhizosphere (soil close to the root surface), each of which was found to harbor a distinct microbiome. Under controlled greenhouse conditions, microbiome composition varied with soil source and genotype. In field conditions, geographical location and cultivation practice, namely organic vs. conventional, were factors contributing to microbiome variation. Rice cultivation is a major source of global methane emissions, and methanogenic archaea could be detected in all spatial compartments of field-grown rice. The depth and scale of this study were used to build coabundance networks that revealed potential microbial consortia, some of which were involved in methane cycling. Dynamic changes observed during microbiome acquisition, as well as steady-state compositions of spatial compartments, support a multistep model for root microbiome assembly from soil wherein the rhizoplane plays a selective gating role. Similarities in the distribution of phyla in the root microbiomes of rice and other plants suggest that conclusions derived from this study might be generally applicable to land plants.

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Section: Cultivation Practice Results In Discernible Differences In Tmentioning

confidence: 70%

Structure, variation, and assembly of the root-associated microbiomes of rice

Edwards¹,

Johnson²,

Santos‐Medellín³

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

2,164

216

1,607

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In flooded rice fields the methane produced in deeper layers is mainly emitted by vascular transport through the rice plant and by bubbling to the atmosphere (Holzapfel-Pschom et al, 1985;Nouchi et al, 1990). Since the vascular system of rice plants also transports oxygen into the soil, the rice field soil becomes a complex structure containing oxic and anoxic zones (Armstrong, 1979;Frenzel et al, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of photoacoustic detector with gas diffusion probes for the measurement of methane concentration gradients in submerged paddy soil

Rothfuß¹,

Bijnen²,

Conrad³

et al. 1997

Atmospheric Environment

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Dissolved methane was monitored by means of a diffusion probe in combination with a photoacoustic (PA) detector cell placed in the cavity of a liquid nitrogen-cooled CO laser. The detection limit of the photoacoustic detector was 1 ppbv methane (= 2 uM in aqueous solution), the time response was 60 s, the spatial resolution was 1.36 mm. These limits were determined by the acoustic noise and the configuration of the diffusion probe. The combination of PA detector with gas diffusion probes was found to be useful for monitoring gaseous compounds. However, the membrane material of the diffusion probe was critical. Silicone as membrane material was useful only for measurement of CH4. Goretex as membrane material was applicable to measurement of dimethylsulfide (DMS), but did not give a stable signal for trimethylamine (TMA).Vertical concentration profiles of CH4 in anoxic paddy soil agreed well with earlier results obtained with a gas chromatograph as detector. Methane was produced in anoxic soil layers below 8-l 0 mm depth and diffused upwards to the surface through a layer of CH4-consuming bacteria situated at about 2 mm depth. In the oxic upper 2 mm soil layer the concentration of CH4 decreased below the detection limit of our system. Methane-containing gas bubbles that were embedded in the soil were detected by a steep increase of the CH4 signal. The combination of PA detector and gas diffusion probe was found to be a useful tool to measure CH4 gradients in submerged soil or sediment with high temporal and spatial resolution, thus allowing the localization and quantification of CH4 production and CH4 oxidation rates within the soil profile.

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“…The plant merely facilitates this gas exchange using its network of intercellular airspace developed, principally, to provide roots with oxygen (Armstrong, 1979 ;Armstrong et al, 1991). Plant transport is the main route for methane release from wetlands dominated by emergent aquatic plants (Holzapfel-Pschorn, Conrad & Seiler, 1985 ;Sorrell & Boon, 1994 ;Chanton & Whiting, 1995 ;Schimel, 1995), making it a substantial source of atmospheric methane (Aselmann & Crutzen, 1989 ;Chanton & Dacey, 1991). Nevertheless, there are still questions and confusion about the processes and mechanisms that control methane flow rates through aquatic plants, and thus a better understanding will help us predict how environmental change will affect plant transport of methane.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of methane flow from sediment through emergent cattail (Typha latifolia) plants

Yavitt

Knapp

1998

New Phytologist

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We measured the flow of methane in Typha latifolia L. (cattail)-dominated wetlands from microbial production in anoxic sediment into, through, and out of emergent T. latifolia shoots (i.e. plant transport). The purpose was to identify key environmental and plant factors that might affect rates of methane efflux from wetlands to the Earth's atmosphere. Methane accumulated in leafy T. latifolia shoots overnight, reaching concentrations up to 10 000 µl l −" (vs. atmospheric concentrations 4 µl l −" ), suggesting that lower stomatal conductance at night limits methane efflux from the plant into ambient air. Daytime light and (or) lower atmospheric humidity that induce convective gas flow through the plant coincided with (a) an increase in the rate of methane efflux from T. latifolia leaves to ambient air (from 0n1 to 2n0 µmol m −# (leaf) s −" ) and (b) a decrease in shoot methane concentration to 70 µl l −" . Very short fluctuation in stomatal conductance during the day did not affect the methane efflux rate unless, possibly, the rate of photosynthesis decreased. A strong relationship between the maximum daily rate of methane efflux and shoot methane concentration (measured before the onset of convective gas flow) suggests T. latifolia plants behave like a capacitor (filling with methane at night, emitting the stored methane during the day). Experimentally cutting leaves (to prevent pressurization) reduced plant capacitance for methane.

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Production, oxidation and emission of methane in rice paddies

Cited by 237 publications

References 24 publications

Structure, variation, and assembly of the root-associated microbiomes of rice

Structure, variation, and assembly of the root-associated microbiomes of rice

Combination of photoacoustic detector with gas diffusion probes for the measurement of methane concentration gradients in submerged paddy soil

Aspects of methane flow from sediment through emergent cattail (Typha latifolia) plants

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