Production Principles and Technological Development of Novel Woven Spacer Preforms and Integrated Stiffener Structures

Torun, Ahmet Refah; Mountasir, Adil; Hoffmann, G. W.; Cherif, Chokri

doi:10.1007/s10443-012-9281-8

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…All E-moduli are calculated with eq. (9). D r is the damage factor which is a function of twist angle a tw and multiplies only the reinforcement elements.…”

Section: Yarn Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another disadvantage of commingled yarns was identified from processing point of view while executing trials on high packing densities of 3D near-net shape woven preforms. [7][8][9] Harnesses apply forces on the warp yarns in both normal and longitudinal direction during weaving. These forces should be minimized by reducing the warp yarn tension especially for the brittle reinforcement yarns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of twisting on mechanical properties of GF/PP commingled hybrid yarns and UD‐composites

Torun

Hoffmann

Mountasir

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This study was conducted due to the necessity for improving the processability of commingled yarns during textile processing, in particular dense 3D preform weaving. Open structure of the commingled yarns caused higher production stops. As a possible solution, GF/PP commingled yarns with different twisting levels were produced. Effect of twisting on the mechanical properties of commingled yarns and on their compression molded UD composites are determined. Further tests were executed about yarn/yarn and yarn/metal friction of twisted commingled yarns, which are important properties during textile processing. Theoretical approaches such as a yarn model with linear bar elements and lamina equation with an equivalent angle distortion of over-delivery proved useful to relate the structural parameters and mechanical properties. As a result, twisting did not significantly affect the modulus of elasticity of UD-composites, however, the tensile strength of UD-composites were reduced by further processing even without twisting. Therefore, small twisting levels can be applied on commingled yarns to improve processability of dense preforms without significantly affecting the mechanical performance. V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 123: [246][247][248][249][250][251][252][253][254][255][256] 2012

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“…All E-moduli are calculated with eq. (9). D r is the damage factor which is a function of twist angle a tw and multiplies only the reinforcement elements.…”

Section: Yarn Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of twisting on mechanical properties of GF/PP commingled hybrid yarns and UD‐composites

Torun

Hoffmann

Mountasir

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…[10][11][12] Triangular web core sandwich structure was reported to have better performance under shock compressive loads. 13 On the other hand, advancements in the textile manufacturing techniques like weaving, knitting have enabled the production of 3 D integrated preforms [14][15][16][17][18] that overcome the drawbacks of conventional sandwich structures like face-core delamination [19][20][21] under various loading conditions. The integrally woven hollow preforms used for the reinforcement of sandwich structures are known as spacer fabrics or hollow fabrics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure analysis of 3D woven spacer sandwich composites with woven cross-links and face sheet thickening under compressive and flexural loading

Neje

Behera

2021

Journal of Composite Materials

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The effect of face sheet thickening on the mechanical properties of sandwich structures reinforced with 3 D woven spacer fabrics having woven cross-links has been presented in this work. Spacer fabrics forming cells of rectangular (RECT), trapezoidal (TPZ) and triangular (TR) shapes were used as reinforcement of sandwich structures with non-thickened face sheets. While for thickened face sheet structures, additional layers of 2 D fabric were integrally woven with the top and bottom face sheets of spacer fabrics, having almost similar cell geometrical parameters as that of the former structures, in a single step of weaving. Composites manufactured from these structures were characterized for their out-of-plane compressive and flexural properties. The specific compressive load was observed to be lower for thickened face sheet structures. The flexural load was higher for thickened face sheet structures; but the specific bending load decreased for the same. Flexural stress was also found to decrease with thickening of the face sheets. The results obtained could be helpful in designing sandwich composites connected woven fabric cross-links with enhanced mechanical properties.

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“…[24] Woven spacer fabrics connected with woven cross-links are characterized by presence of an array of cells having simple geometrical shapes, such as triangular, trapezoidal, [25] rectangular, [26,27] and hexagonal. [28] The process of manufacturing rectangular cell-shaped spacer structures from hybrid yarns and their mechanical properties evaluation has been reported in References [26,[29][30][31]. Spacer composites with woven cross-links were reported to have higher compressive strength compared to the ones connected with core piles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of mechanical behavior of 3D woven spacer sandwich composites with single and double level structures

Neje

Behera

2020

Polymer Composites

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3D woven spacer fabrics connected with woven cross-links and forming tunnels of trapezoidal shape were produced in single and double level configuration with four different cell wall opening angles in each configuration. The sandwich composites produced from these spacer fabrics were then analyzed for their out-of-plane compressive and flexural properties to study their failure loads, energy absorbency, and failure modes. With an increase in the cell wall opening angles, compressive load and specific compressive load increased for single and double level structures, but the same properties were found to be poor for double level structures compared to their single level counterparts. Absorbed energy/volume was also found to be lower for double level composites. The bending load and specific bending load values increased with increase in cell wall opening angle, with double level structures performing better at each cell wall opening compared to their single level counterparts. But the flexural stress of double level structures was lower than that of their corresponding single level structures. The outcomes of this study can be used in designing and manufacturing of multilevel spacer structures with different cell geometrical parameters for specific end use requirements.

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Production Principles and Technological Development of Novel Woven Spacer Preforms and Integrated Stiffener Structures

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of twisting on mechanical properties of GF/PP commingled hybrid yarns and UD‐composites

Effect of twisting on mechanical properties of GF/PP commingled hybrid yarns and UD‐composites

Failure analysis of 3D woven spacer sandwich composites with woven cross-links and face sheet thickening under compressive and flexural loading

Comparative analysis of mechanical behavior of 3D woven spacer sandwich composites with single and double level structures

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