Productive Performance, Ovarian Follicular Development, Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidative Status, and Egg Quality in Laying Hens Fed Diets Supplemented with Salvia officinalis and Origanum majorana Powder Levels

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the effect of dietary supplementation with different levels of Salvia officinalis and/or Origanum majorana on productive performance, ovarian follicular development, lipid peroxidation, antioxidative status, and egg quality in laying hens. Two hundred and ninety-four 45-week-old Bovans brown hens were allocated into seven groups, with seven replicates of six hens each. The first group was fed with the basal considered as a control (A); the second (B) and third (C) groups were provided with the same control diet further supplemented with 0.5 and 1 kg/ton Salvia officinalis, respectively; the fourth (D) and fifth (E) groups received the control diet further supplemented with 0.5 and 1 kg/ton Origanum majorana, respectively; while the sixth (F) and the seventh (G) groups were offered a diet supplemented with 0.5 kg/ton Salvia officinalis and 0.5 kg/ton Origanum majorana and 1 kg/ton Salvia officinalis and 1 kg/ton Origanum majorana, respectively. No significant effects were observed in the final body weight (BW) and feed intake (FI) of the laying hens. In the diets supplemented with Salvia officinalis and Origanum majorana, the egg weights for groups C, F, and G had significantly higher values only compared to group D. The supplementation of the diets with Salvia officinalis and/or Origanum majorana significantly (p < 0.05) increased the Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol estrogenic hormone concentration, except for Origanum majorana at both levels with regard to estradiol. The dietary utilization of Salvia officinalis and Origanum majorana did not significantly alter the plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), total protein, albumin, globulin, and High density lipoprotein (HDL) parameters. Cholesterol, glucose, triglyceride, and Low density lipoprotein (LDL) were decreased (p < 0.05) in the birds fed with Salvia officinalis and/or Origanum majorana supplemented diets. Moreover, at both doses, the dietary supplementation with Salvia officinalis and Origanum majorana decreased (p < 0.05) the yolk cholesterol and liver Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In addition, the dietary enrichment with Salvia officinalis and/or Origanum majorana decreased (p < 0.05) the palmitoleic and stearic fatty acids’ egg yolk concentration. In contrast, the yolk linoleic fatty acid concentration was significantly increased by Salvia officinalis and/or Origanum majorana. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with Salvia officinalis and/or Origanum positively affected productive performance, ovarian follicular development, antioxidant activity, hormonal status, and steroidogenesis in Bovans brown laying hens.

Effect of dietary essential oil of oregano on performance parameters, gastrointestinal traits, blood lipid profile, and antioxidant capacity of laying hens during the pullet phase

“…Cholesterol levels are important for laying hens as it provides the backbone for sex hormones, which is crucial during the laying phase (Naber, 1976). However, our study and previous studies are inconsistent on the impact of EOO on cholesterol levels in laying hens (Bozkurt et al, 2016;Gul et al, 2019;Migliorini et al, 2019;Saleh et al, 2021). Differences in cholesterol levels between our study and previous studies may be due to different inclusion rates of the essential oil, feeding schedule, or preparation method of the essential oil (Lim et al, 2006).…”

“…Plasma triglycerides were significantly lower in birds supplemented with EOO. One explanation could be interrupting the mechanisms involved in lipogenesis as described by Saleh et al (2021) who supplemented laying hens with dietary oregano and sage oil. Another possible explanation could be the influence of essential oils on inhibiting enzymes utilized in the process of lipogenesis as described by Dehghani et al, 2019 who supplemented dietary thyme essential oil to quail.…”

“…Known studies have conflicting results on the efficacy of improving health and performance in poultry when supplementing an essential oil (Wang et al, 2019;Adaszynśka-Skwirzynśka et al, 2021;Ramirez, Peñuela-Sierra, and Ospina, 2021) with an thorough review written by Widodo (2020). Previous studies supplement the essential oil of oregano in conjunction with another substance (Ghazi et al, 2015;Amer et al, 2021;Saleh et al, 2021). Based on these studies, there are conflicting results on the effects of oregano oil on performance parameters, lipid profile, and antioxidant capacity.…”

Effects of synbiotics preparations added to Pengging duck diets on egg production and egg quality and hematological traits

“…[ 27 ] reported that the average weight of Pengging duck egg was 63.66 g at a feed consumption of 160 g. The ducks used in their study were old or pre-molting; for this reason, their production performance was low. In old age, the ovarium and oviduct weight decreases [ 28 ], the levels of hormones required for the process of egg formation decrease, and egg production becomes low [ 29 ].…”

Modulation of Immunity, Antioxidant Status, Performance, Blood Hematology, and Intestinal Histomorphometry in Response to Dietary Inclusion of Origanum majorana in Domestic Pigeons’ Diet

“…The broiler response to diets supplemented with prebiotics, probiotics, or herbal mixtures ( Origanum majorana , Carum carvi , and Foeniculum vulgare ) as alternatives to antibiotics indicated that the herbal mixture group recorded the highest productive performance [ 14 ]. Moreover, Saleh et al [ 15 ] added a mixture of OM and another medicinal herbal plant to laying hen diets and noticed an improvement in their productivity and performance, including the feed conversion ratio and egg quality and quantity.…”