Productivity and Economics of Rice-Wheat Cropping System under Irrigation, Nutrient and Tillage Practices in a Silty Clay Loam Soil

Mandal, Tanumay; Chandra, Subhash; Singh, Gurvinder

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2018.703.096

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, at many locations resource poor farmers unknowingly started to use a higher amount of N fertilizer than the local recommendation to maintain the past yield level [24]. This kind of emerging scenario is a major culprit of the poor economic returns [25][26][27] of the RWCS as well as aggravating environmental pollution [28]. In general, RWCS is relatively more productive than other prevailing cropping systems in India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement in Productivity, Nutrients Use Efficiency, and Economics of Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems in India through Farmer’s Participatory Approach

et al. 2018

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Rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS), a lifeline for the majority of the population in South Asia is under stress, due to the imbalanced and indiscriminate use of fertilizers. Therefore, we conducted an on-farm study at eight locations (Amritsar, Katni, Nainital, Samba, Pakur, Kanpur, Ambedkarnagar, and Dindori) covering five agro climatic zones of six Indian states (Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Jharkhand) to (i) calculate the partial factor productivity (PFP) and agronomic use efficiency (AUE) to judge the response of NPK and Zn on grain yield of rice and wheat in RWCS and (ii) to work out the economic feasibility of different combinations of NPK in rice and wheat. Seven fertilizer treatments: Control (0-0-0), N alone (N-0-0), NP (N-P-0), NK (N-0-K), NPK (N-P-K), NPK+Zn (N-P-K-Zn), and FFMP (Farmers Fertilizer Management Practice) were assigned to all the locations. The levels of applied nutrients were used as per the standard recommendation of the location. The average of all the locations showed that the use of NP enhances the grain yield of rice and wheat by 105% and 97% over control, respectively. System productivity of RWCS was expressed in terms of rice grain equivalent yield (RGEY), Mg ha−1. Among the locations, Samba recorded the lowest productivity of RWCS with fertilizer treatments. In contrast, the highest productivity of RWCS with fertilizer treatments was recorded at Amritsar, except with NPK and NPK+Zn fertilization, where Katni superseded the Amritsar. An approximately 3-fold productivity gain in RWCS was recorded with the conjoint use of NP over control across the locations. Overall, the results of our study showed that the balance application of NPK increased the productivity of RWCS 245% over control. Partial factor productivity of Nitrogen (PFPn) N alone in rice varied across locations and ranged from 19 kg grain kg−1 N at Pakur to 41 kg grain kg−1 N at Amritsar. PFPn of N alone in wheat also ranged from 15.5 kg grain kg−1 of N at Ambedkarnagar to 28 kg grain kg−1 N at Amritsar. However, across locations the mean value of PFPn of N alone was 29 kg grain kg−1 N in rice and 21 kg grain kg−1 N in wheat. PFPn increased when combined application of N and P sorted in both rice and wheat across the locations. Similarly, combined application of NPK increased partial factor productivity of applied phosphorus (PFPp) in both the crops at all the locations. The combined application of NPK increased the PFPk for applied K at all the location. The response of K application with N and P when averaged over the location was 114% in rice and 93% in wheat over the combined use of N and K. In our study, irrespective of fertilizer treatments, the agronomic use efficiency of applied N (AUEn) and agronomic use efficiency of applied P (AUEp) were greater in rice than in wheat across the location. With regards to the economics, the mean net monetary returns among the fertilizers treatments was minimum (INR 29.5 × 103 ha−1) for the application of N alone and maximum (INR 8.65 × 103 ha−1) for application of NPK+Zn. The mean marginal returns across the locations was in order of N alone > NK > FFM > NPK > NP > NPK+Zn.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement in Productivity, Nutrients Use Efficiency, and Economics of Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems in India through Farmer’s Participatory Approach

et al. 2018

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“…It occupies an area of about 737.91 lakh hectare [2]. The prominent cropping systems of India are Rice -Wheat (11 m ha), [3], Maize -Wheat (1.86 m ha) [28], and Pearl millet -Wheat (2.26 m ha), [4]. In India, maize is cultivated in an area of 8.69 million hectare having production of 21.81 million tonnes with a productivity of 2509 kg ha -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Quality Index for Different Cropping Systems in Northwestern Himalaya Region of India

Kumar,

Paliyal,

Sharma

et al. 2023

IJPSS

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Background: A study was conducted to examine the impact of soil quality under different cropping systems in Mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh”. The study was carried out to ascertain the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils under prevalent cropping systems maize- wheat, rice- wheat and vegetable based in different in mid hill conditions of northwestern Himachal Pradesh. Methods: On the basis of representative 90 soil samples from two depths i.e. 0-0.15 m and 0.15-0.30 m were collected. Soil samples were analyzed for their physical, chemical and biological properties and key indicators were identified using multivariate statistical analysis for computing the soil quality index. Results: Soil reaction across various sites under present study was 5.30-6.70. Higher salt accumulation (EC) was observed under vegetable based cropping systems as compared to those of cereal based. Organic carbon was medium to high and available N, P and K contents were in low to medium range. DTPA Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were observed sufficient, whereas total Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were recorded higher in cereal and vegetable based cropping system. Microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, potentially mineralizable nitrogen and soil respiration were low to medium in all cropping systems. Conclusion: Soil quality index was 1.00 under vegetable based cropping system as compared to the cereal based cropping systems.

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“…Due to farmer ignorance, deficiencies in a number of micronutrients have become a new threat to RWCS sustainability. Therefore, resource-poor farmers in many places unwittingly utilize excessive nitrogen fertilizer to maintain yield levels [27]. This situation reduces economic rewards and pollutes the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the Efficiency of the Rice–Wheat Cropping System through Integrated Nutrient Management

Kaur,

Saini,

Sharma

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The advancement of effective nutrient management strategies has been instrumental in enhancing crop productivity and economic viability. Thus, we investigated the effect of green manure and organic amendments at varying nitrogen levels in rice and their residual effect on wheat crops. A two-year research study (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) was conducted at two distinct locations: Punjab Agricultural University in Ludhiana and a Research Station in Dyal Bharang, Amritsar. The experimental design employed was a split-plot design. The main plot treatments consisted of four treatments (green manuring, farmyard manure, poultry manure, and no organic amendment (control)) and four subplot treatments (No N control, 50 kg N ha−1, 75 kg N ha−1, and 100 kg N ha−1), replicated four times in the rice crop, and its residual effect was studied in wheat. The study found that applying organic amendments at different nitrogen levels significantly increased rice–wheat productivity, growth, yield qualities, nutrient uptake, and efficiency (p < 0.05). Poultry manure increased rice grain yield more than other modifications. It significantly increased grain yield by 67.3% and 61.4% over the control in both years of the research. Poultry manure (41.9 kg, 60.0%) increased AE (kg grain kg−1 N uptake) and ANR (%) compared to control due to higher total N (177.4 kg ha−1), P (31.6 kg ha−1), and K (179.6 kg ha−1). Grain production was positively correlated with total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) intake (r = 0.992**, 0.931**, and 0.984**, respectively). Total N uptake was positively correlated with P and K uptake (r = 0.963** and 0.991**, respectively). Poultry manure improved soil health by increasing total microbial count and alkaline phosphatase activity. In the subsequent wheat crop, rice grown with poultry manure yielded 24.3 and 24.4 percent more than no organic amendment control in rabi 2018–2019 and 2019–2020. The findings suggest that poultry manure and 100 kg N ha−1 or 75 kg N ha−1 afforded equivalent yields. This shows that even less nitrogen may be enough to boost rice and wheat yields.

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Productivity and Economics of Rice-Wheat Cropping System under Irrigation, Nutrient and Tillage Practices in a Silty Clay Loam Soil

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Enhancement in Productivity, Nutrients Use Efficiency, and Economics of Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems in India through Farmer’s Participatory Approach

Enhancement in Productivity, Nutrients Use Efficiency, and Economics of Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems in India through Farmer’s Participatory Approach

Soil Quality Index for Different Cropping Systems in Northwestern Himalaya Region of India

Increasing the Efficiency of the Rice–Wheat Cropping System through Integrated Nutrient Management

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