Productivity and harvest quality of varieties and hybrid forms of grapes in the conditions of the Caspian-Caspian subprovince of the Republic of Dagestan

Abstract

This article discusses issues related to the productivity and quality of grape varieties of various ecological and geographical origins collected in the ampelographic collection of the Dagestan Breeding Experimental Station for Viticulture and Vegetable Growing. The object of research is 104 grape varieties. Of the 104 varieties included in the study, 22 varieties were of intraspecific hybridization of Vinis vinifera, 67 varieties of interspecific hybridization (65 of European-American, 5 of European-Asian and 3 of European-American origin), 6 varieties of Vinis vinifera as a control. The study of the biological properties of these varieties is important for identifying and using sources of valuable traits. In the group of table varieties, the highest grape yield was from interspecific hybrids: Dekabrsky -19.5 kg/bush; SV-12-304- 17.9; SV-20-365-11.2; SV-23-657-12.8; XI-36-6/100 -12.9 kg/bush. In the group of technical varieties, according to yield per bush, the following are distinguished: TSKHA-3 - 22.2 kg/bush; Pierrel -19.7 kg/bush; Bianca-13.4 kg/bush; SV-20-473 - 13.2 kg/bush; Strogozia -12.9 kg/bush; Gift of Magarach - 15.2 kg/bush; SV-12-375- 12.4 kg/bush. Among the table varieties, the interspecific hybrids SV-12-304 - 529 g, SV-20-365-330 g, SV-12-309 -315 g and Lakhedi mezesh - 313 g are distinguished by bunch weight. Of the technical varieties, by bunch weight the following varieties stood out: TSKHA-3 -322 g; Pierrel -319 g; SV-23-40 – 288 g; SV-20-473-286. The results obtained contribute to the effective use of grape genetic resources in scientific research.