Productivity of breeding pigs during marl feeding in areas with high density of soil pollution with radiocesium

Abstract

The paper considers the experimentally confirmed data on marl efficiency in the zones with increased level of radionuclides in the soil (5–10 and 15–40 Ki/km2) in the last third of female pig pregnancy in the amount of 2.0 % of the diet dry matter. Feeding with local mineral supplement increases the reproductive functions of breeding pigs, in particular, the number of stillborn piglets decreased by 1.64–7.70 % and their safety to weaning increased by 4.8–11.9 %. The increase of redox and metabolic processes in the animal body of the experimental groups positively affected the milking capacity of the breeding stock increasing it by 6.8–21.9 % and the growth of piglets, which was confirmed by their larger body weight by 3.3 and 4.6 %. The sorption properties of marl allowed reducing the concentration of toxic lead in the body of breeding pigs (by 40.17 and 42.01 %) and cadmium (by 20.57 and 24.42 %), decreasing the transition of cesium-137 isotope to beestings milk by 1.34 and 1.28 times. In areas with high soil pollution with radiocesium in Bryansk region, the use of natural marl sorbent in breeding pigs’ diets activates their immunity, hematopoietic functions, accelerates assimilation of protein and mineral exchange.