Productivity of Safflower Tinctorial Depending on Agricultural Cultivation the Conditions of Forest-Steppe of the Middle Volga Region

Abstract

The article presents the results of assessing the productivity of Safflower tinctorial, depending on the agricultural practices of cultivation in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. The studies were carried out in 2019-2021, assessing the seeding rates of safflower and the use of growth regulators. The productivity of safflower, depending on the seeding rate, varied from 1.23 to 1.35 t / ha. The highest seed yield was obtained at seeding rates of 300 and 350 thousand viable seeds per hectare and amounted to 1.35 t / ha. The maximum fat content was observed in the case of sowing with a seeding rate of 200 thousand viable seeds per hectare (29.7%). The use of growth regulators increased the yield of Safflower tinctorial to 1.39-1.46 t / ha, with a yield of 1.37 t / ha in the control variant. The highest yield of safflower seeds was obtained on the variants with the treatment with the regulators Zircon and Humate K / Na, the productivity was 1.46 and 1.43 t / ha with oil content of 30.6 and 31.4%. The weight of 1000 seeds varied from 38.4 g (in the control variant) to 40.1 g (in the variant with Zircon treatment), the increase relative to the control was 0.3-1.7 g. Treatment of Safflower tinctorial seeds with growth regulators increases the sowing quality of safflower seeds. The use of the growth regulator Zircon promoted an increase in the growth force of safflower seeds by 25.3-28.3%, the use of K / Na humate increased the laboratory germination of seeds to 81.5%.