The paper presents a comparative analysis of study programs of doctoral studies in primary education in the Republic of Serbia and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. First, the analysis of doctoral studies of class teaching in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is presented on the example of the Faculty of Pedagogy, University of Sarajevo. A comparative analysis of the mentioned study program is also given, with doctoral studies of class teaching in Serbia. Based on the comparative analysis, recommendations are given for improving the quality of doctoral studies in primary education.