“…In some contexts, these tensions create conditions that help organizations become more effective (Goodrick & Reay, 2011;Reay & Hinings, 2009;Waring & Bishop, 2013); in others, they result in deep-seated conflicts and sub-optimal functioning (Kirkpatrick, Jespersen, Dent & Neogy, 2009;McGivern, Currie, Ferlie, Fitzgerald & Waring, 2013). It is widely acknowledged that medical professional groups play a key role in dealing with tensions inside organizations (Ackroyd, 2016;Dent, Bourgeault, Denis et al, 2016;Goodrick & Reay, 2011;Martin, Armstrong, Aveling et al, 2015). Thus we take as our point of departure Freidson's (1970) work, one of the best known researchers on professionalism, who originally saw doctors as a self-serving elite concerned mainly to resist changes to their autonomy and long-held privileges.…”