Profil Epidémiologique des Pathologies Respiratoires Chez les Enfants Hospitalisés aux Services de Pédiatrie de la Ville de Meknès (Maroc)

Abstract

Background: Respiratory diseases are a common cause of consultation and hospitalization in the paediatric service. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the epidemiological profile of respiratory infections among children in Meknes city. Methods: Data from records of children with respiratory infections admitted to the pediatric services in Meknes (Mohammed V Public Hospital and Sidi Said Hospital) in Morocco over a five-year period were extracted. Our cross-sectional observational study concerned 4040 cases hospitalized from January 1st, 2010 to December 31st, 2014, among children aged 0 to 15 and living in Meknes. Results: Hospitalizations for acute bronchiolitis (p < 0.001), asthma exacerbations (p < 0.001), acute pneumonitis (P < 0.001), bronchitis (p < 0.001), and laryngitis (P < 0.001) were more common in male patients, while females were more affected by whooping cough. Hospitalizations for bronchiolitis were more frequent in the automn-winter season in infants (< 2 years). Conclusion: Respiratory diseases constitute a significant burden of childhood illnesses. In our study, hospitalizations for respiratory illness were largely dominated by acute bronchiolitis and asthma exacerbation. Children under 5 were the most represented and the majority of hospitalized patients for respiratory diseases were male. Acute bronchiolitis was more frequent in the autumn-winter period and mainly affected the infants.

Profil Epidémiologique de l’Asthme et de la Bronchopneumopathie Chronique Obstructive au Centre Hospitalier Provincial de Sidi Saïd de Meknès, Maroc

“…La prédominance féminine a été rapportée par d'autres auteurs travaillant sur le même sujet [5], [6], [7], [8]. En revanche, certains études ont noté une prédominance du sexe masculin, surtout chez les populations pédiatriques [9], [10], [11] plus touchée est celle de 50 ans et plus (45,38 %), suivie de celle allant de 15 à 49 ans (44,56 %) et les sujets âgés de 5-14 ans sont les moins représentés avec un taux de 10,05 % [12]. Les crises d'asthme sont plus fréquentes durant la période automne-hiver.…”