Profil of omega-3 food intake and its association with socioeconomic status in smoker on online motorcycle drivers

Abstract

Introduction: Omega-3 fatty acids were found to be effective in reducing inflammation and free radicals caused by air pollution (cigarette smoke), as well as improving lung function. Furthermore, economic conditions can influence a person's food consumption habits. The type of food consumed will certainly affect the amount of omega-3 absorbed by the body, and the quality of food consumed is influenced by socioeconomic status (SES). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine omega-3 intake and its relationship with the socioeconomic status of online motorcycle drivers. Design and Methods: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional method of measuring omega-3 consumption using a 24-hour food recall questionnaire and assessing the mean of omega-3 intake after 3 days. The was conducted from May-August 2020, in Kali Rungkut, Surabaya City, and the subjects were online motorcycle drivers. A Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between omega-3 intake and SES (income and education). Results: There were 49 respondents in this study with most of them having a classification of omega-3 intake at the deficit level (57.14%), and none belonging to the good and more level. There was a significant difference in omega-3 intake on income (p=0.000) and education (p=0.000). Conclusions: Income and education must be prioritized to improve a healthy diet that includes omega-3.

Relationship between Food Calories Intake and Lung Function in Pedicab Drivers in Surabaya City

“…The parameter of calorie intake measurement in this study still cannot describe the actual condition of the respondent's calorie intake because to see someone's nutritional intake in the interview we have to weigh what is eaten by the respondent. 6,7 From many types of food consumed by respondents, several calorie comparisons are available in each of these foods consisting of rice, chicken meat, and egg.…”

“…[3][4][5] This can affect the pulmonary physiology of people who are on the streets, especially on pedicab drivers who are working. 6,7 Several studies have been conducted regarding the relationship between socioeconomic status and respiratory disorders. 8,9 Pedicab drivers have also been shown to tend to have Lead (Pb) blood levels that exceed the normal threshold because they often rest around the road, 10 these Pb levels can also be exacerbated by smoking habits where Pd is one of the toxic components contained in a cigarette.…”