Profile: Health and Demographic Surveillance System in peri-urban areas of Karachi, Pakistan

Ilyas, Muhammad; Naeem, Komal; Fatima, Urooj; Nisar, Imran; Kazi, Abdul Momin; Shafiq, Yasir; Mehmood, Usma; Ali, Rashid; Ali, Maria; Ahmed, Imran; Zaidi, Anita K. M.

doi:10.12688/gatesopenres.12788.1

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This study was conducted from October 2009 to March 2010 in four peri-urban communities, Rehri Goth, Ibrahim Hyderi, Bilal colony and Bhains colony in Karachi, Pakistan [ 29 ] (Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a community based social marketing strategy on the uptake of clean delivery kits in peri-urban communities of Karachi, Pakistan

Usmani

Sultana

Nisar

et al. 2022

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background Pakistan has one of the highest neonatal and maternal mortality rates in the world. Use of clean delivery kits (CDK) at time of delivery improves maternal and newborn outcome. We test effectiveness of a social marketing strategy to increase uptake of CDKs in a low socioeconomic peri-urban community in Pakistan. Methods This was a sequential mixed method study. The quantitative component consisted of two arms. In the prospective intervention arm trained community health workers (CHWs) visited pregnant women twice to prepare them for birth and encourage use of CDKs. Availability of these kits was ensured at accessible stores in these communities. The retrospective control arm consisted of women delivering in same area during the past 3 months identified from pregnancy register. Information was collected on sociodemographic, pregnancy characteristics and use of CDKs at time of delivery in both arms. We compared proportion of women using CDKs during home deliveries in the intervention and control arm. We performed logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with use of CDKs in intervention arm. We carried out separate focused group discussions (FGDs) with women who used CDKs, with women who did not use CDKs and birth attendants. Results Total of 568 pregnant women were enrolled in prospective intervention arm and 603 in retrospective control arm. The proportion of women using CDKs during home deliveries in retrospective control arm was 9.4% compared to 23.8% in prospective control arm (p = < 0.001). In final multivariable model, increasing age of pregnant woman and husband having some education was positively associated with CDK use (aOR 1.1;95% CI 1.1–1.2 and aOR 2.2;95% CI 1.3–3.6 respectively). During FGDs, many women were of the thought that kits should be free or included in the amount charged by birth attendants. Assembly of components of kit into one package was appreciated by birth attendants. Conclusion Social marketing strategy targeting pregnant women and their family members resulted in an increase in the uptake of CDKs in our study. Birth attendants were generally satisfied with the assembly of the kit. Many women cited unawareness and cost to be a major impediment in use of CDKs.

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“…This study was conducted from October 2009 to March 2010 in four peri-urban communities, Rehri Goth, Ibrahim Hyderi, Bilal colony and Bhains colony in Karachi, Pakistan [ 29 ] (Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a community based social marketing strategy on the uptake of clean delivery kits in peri-urban communities of Karachi, Pakistan

Usmani

Sultana

Nisar

et al. 2022

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…The HDSS sites are divided into 195 blocks, each containing 250 structures and mapped using the geographical information system. There are a total of 42,093 structures where 43,098 households are living in areas of Korangi and Bin Qasim towns [19]. A structure is defined as a building with a single entrance and a boundary.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized Text Messages and Automated Calls for Improving Vaccine Coverage Among Children in Pakistan: Protocol for a Community-Based Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial

Kazi¹,

Ahsan²,

Khan³

et al. 2019

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background A major reason for poor childhood vaccine coverage in developing countries is the lack of awareness among parents and caregivers regarding the need for immunization and the importance of completing the entire series of vaccines. Short message service (SMS)–based interventions have been quite effective in different programs such as smoking cessation, treatment adherence, health care scheduled appointment attendance, antenatal care attendance, and compliance to immunization. However, there are limited data from low- and middle-income countries on the role of SMS and automated call–based messages and interventions to improve routine immunization (RI) coverage. Objective The primary objective of this study is to evaluate whether automated mobile phone–based personalized messages (SMS or automated call) can improve RI uptake at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age per the expanded program immunization schedule, compared with a usual care control group. Secondary objectives include assessing the effects of different types of automated SMS text or calls on RI coverage at 20 weeks of age. Methods This is a mixed methods study using a clustered randomized controlled trial with 4 intervention arms and 1 control arm, augmented by qualitative interviews for personalizing the message. The study is being conducted in Pakistan (an urban site in Karachi and a rural site Matiari). In Karachi, 250 administrative structures are taken as 1 cluster, whereas in Matiari, a catchment area of 4 Lady Health Workers is considered as 1 cluster. The intervention targets families to receive weekly 1-way or 2-way (interactive) personalized automated SMS or automated phone call messages regarding vaccination. Possible barriers to vaccination are assessed in each family at the time of inclusion to determine the type of personalized messages that should be sent to the family to increase the chance of a positive response. Finally, in-depth interviews using purposive sampling are conducted before and after the trial to determine the family’s vaccination experience and related factors. Results All study participants for the cluster randomized trial were enrolled by January 14, 2019. Study exit interviews at 20-weeks follow-up visits will be completed by June 2019. Conclusions The results of this study will be useful to understand the respective effects of SMS text messages versus automated phone–based communication to improve RI coverage and timelines. Moreover, information regarding families’ perceptions of vaccination and the daily life challenges for timely visits to the vaccine clinic will be used for developing more complex interventions that use mobile phone messages and possibly other approaches to overcome barriers in the uptake of correct and timely immunization practices. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03341195; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03341195 (Archived b...

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“…mi. This makes it high density city [34]. The trade and commerce activities in Karachi are of very huge scale with passengers and cargo movements spread up to central Asian countries and neighboring countries of Iran, Afghanistan and China [35].…”

Section: Case Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Congestion Issues, Perceptions, Experience and Satisfaction of Car Drivers/Owners on Urban Roads

Memon

Khiani

2020

Mehran Univ. res. j. eng. technol.

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Traffic congestion is a major issue of Asian megacities which causes the irritation, anger and frustrations among drivers and owners of vehicles during driving in these cities. This paper aims at understanding traffic congestion issues from the perception and experiences of car drivers and owners and their satisfaction level concerning accessibility of circulation within urban roads of Karachi. The issues addressed in this respect are road construction, traffic flow, road crossing, shopping malls along roads, traffic blockage due to VIP movement, congestion during school timing, animal presence on roads, traffic police behavior, marriage halls along the roads, peak hour traffic jams, traffic jams during sociopolitical and religious rallies, road disputes, traffic congestion due to young inexperienced drivers, alternate road availability and pedestrian bridges. The method of investigating these issues is through 42 questionnaire surveys with car drivers and car owners from June to October 2018 on urban roads of Karachi. The analysis of feedback from respondents showed that, more than 90% respondents were satisfied with construction of pedestrian bridges and annoyed with sociopolitical and religious rallies on main urban roads. More than 80% respondents were satisfied with marriage halls along the roads, felt congestion during peak hours and preferred alternate routes to go home. More than 70% agreed that, young and inexperienced drivers cause traffic congestion and felt unsatisfied and displeased with disputes on the streets among residents, traffic police and drivers. More than 60% respondents were satisfied with the road construction but annoyed with VIP protocol and felt congestion during school timings and quite uncomfortable while crossing the road. More than 50% respondents were unsatisfied with shopping malls on both sides of the road, presence of animals on main roads and behavior of traffic police during traffic jams. Finally, concerning traffic flow the respondents were equally divided in their perception. Thus this research presents a detailed perspective of people regarding traffic congestion issues in Karachi for the appropriate response by decision makers of urban transport planning and urban traffic management institutions in city.

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Profile: Health and Demographic Surveillance System in peri-urban areas of Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of a community based social marketing strategy on the uptake of clean delivery kits in peri-urban communities of Karachi, Pakistan

Effect of a community based social marketing strategy on the uptake of clean delivery kits in peri-urban communities of Karachi, Pakistan

Personalized Text Messages and Automated Calls for Improving Vaccine Coverage Among Children in Pakistan: Protocol for a Community-Based Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial

Traffic Congestion Issues, Perceptions, Experience and Satisfaction of Car Drivers/Owners on Urban Roads

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