Profile of aeroallergen sensitizations in allergic patients living in southern Vietnam

Abstract

BackgroundClimatic and geographical characteristics may alter the plant distribution and thereby the patterns of allergens.ObjectiveTo evaluate the profile of allergen sensitization in patients in southern Vietnam and its association with allergic diseases.MethodsWe collected data of 423 patients who visited the Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center, Vietnam from 2014 to 2021, from their medical records. Patients underwent skin prick tests to the 12 most common aeroallergens. Clinical evaluation and diagnosis of allergic diseases was done in consert with their allergen sensitization status.ResultsMites and cockroach were the most prevalent sensitizing allergens, with the sensitization prevalences as followed: Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) (59.8%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) (50.4%), Blomica tropicalis (Bt) (49.6%), storage mites mix (10.4%), and cockroach (10.2%). Sensitization to Df was more predominant in males than in females (66% vs 54.1%). Dp-sensitized patients were younger than non-sensitized patients (29.01 ± 13.60 vs. 32.17 ± 14.89) whereas storage mites-sensitized patients were older than the non-sensitized groups (36.25 ± 13.53 vs. 28.76 ± 13.39) (p < 0.05 for all). A considerable proportion of patients with urticaria, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis were sensitized to mites. Polysensitization to different species of house dust mites (Dp, Df) and storage mites (Bt) was prevalent among patients sensitized to any kind of mites.ConclusionsAmong people living in southern Vietnam, HDM mites, and cockroach were the predominant allergens. Further studies on the factors regulating the association between allergen sensitization with allergic diseases and polysensitization are crucial.

Risk Factors for Severe Seafood Allergy Among Adults in an Urban City in Vietnam

“…Shek et al hypothesized that cross-reaction with dust mite allergy contributes to mild cases of shellfish allergy. 20 Interestingly, sensitization to house dust mites is common in Vietnam, about 6.3-30.9% in the population and even higher in patients with allergic diseases (49.6-59.8%) 37,38 Therefore, it can lead to primary sensitization with dust mite tropomyosin, a panallergen and a major allergen in shellfish and mollusk. Other pan-allergens were highlighted, such as arginine kinase, troponin C, and triosephosphate isomerase, etc.…”

Prediction of Food Sensitization in Children with Atopic Dermatitis Based on Disease Severity and Epidermal Layer Impairment

“…Consequently, we did not evaluate the sensitization to inhaled allergens. Nonetheless, the study conducted by Trinh et al [26] showed a high prevalence of sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (59.2%), Dermatophagoides farinae (42.9%), and Blomica tropicalis (42.9%) in patients with AD living in southern Vietnam. The allergen sensitization in children tends to shift from FAs to inhaled allergens when they grow up.…”