Profile of PEGylated interferon beta in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Cocco, Eleonora; Marrosu, Maria Giovanna

doi:10.2147/tcrm.s69123

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In order to prolong the elimination half-life and thus to decrease the necessary administration frequency, some companies have developed pegylated forms of their respective interferon preparations. Such preparations are available for human use since the early 2000s [18,34,35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferons in the Therapy of Severe Coronavirus Infections: A Critical Analysis and Recollection of a Forgotten Therapeutic Regimen with Interferon Beta

Brzoska¹,

Eick²,

Hündgen

2020

Drug Res (Stuttg)

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AbstractThe pharmacological and immunological properties of interferons, especially those of interferon beta, and the corresponding treatment strategies are described, and the results of studies with different interferons in coronavirus infections are analysed. Furthermore, the data obtained with high-dosed native interferon beta in life-threatening acute viral diseases as well as the results of clinical pilot studies with high-dosed recombinant interferon beta-1a are provided because they serve as the rationale for the proposed therapeutic regimen to be applied in acute viral infections. This regimen differs from those approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis and consists of interferon beta-1a administered as a 24 hour intravenous infusion at a daily dose of up to 90 µg for 3–5 consecutive days. Since under this regimen transient severe side effects can occur, it is analysed which patients are suitable for this kind of treatment in general and if patients with severe coronavirus infections could also be treated accordingly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferons in the Therapy of Severe Coronavirus Infections: A Critical Analysis and Recollection of a Forgotten Therapeutic Regimen with Interferon Beta

Brzoska¹,

Eick²,

Hündgen

2020

Drug Res (Stuttg)

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“…IFNs’ therapy has encountered difficulties due to the size of the molecules, their sensitivity to degradation, and rapid elimination from the blood circulation [ 37 ]. The half-life of these cytokines is very short (2–3 h for IFN-α, 10 h for IFN-β, and 4.5 h for IFN-γ) [ 38 , 39 , 40 ]. This rapid clearance in blood makes administering high nonphysiological doses necessary, preferably parenterally [ 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forms and Methods for Interferon’s Encapsulation

et al. 2021

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Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines involved in the immune response that act on innate and adaptive immunity. These proteins are natural cell-signaling glycoproteins expressed in response to viral infections, tumors, and biological inducers and constitute the first line of defense of vertebrates against infectious agents. They have been marketed for more than 30 years with considerable impact on the global therapeutic protein market thanks to their diversity in terms of biological activities. They have been used as single agents or with combination treatment regimens, demonstrating promising clinical results, resulting in 22 different formulations approved by regulatory agencies. The 163 clinical trials with currently active IFNs reinforce their importance as therapeutics for human health. However, their application has presented difficulties due to the molecules’ size, sensitivity to degradation, and rapid elimination from the bloodstream. For some years now, work has been underway to obtain new drug delivery systems to provide adequate therapeutic concentrations for these cytokines, decrease their toxicity and prolong their half-life in the circulation. Although different research groups have presented various formulations that encapsulate IFNs, to date, there is no formulation approved for use in humans. The current review exhibits an updated summary of all encapsulation forms presented in the scientific literature for IFN-α, IFN-ß, and IFN-γ, from the year 1996 to the year 2021, considering parameters such as: encapsulating matrix, route of administration, target, advantages, and disadvantages of each formulation.

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“…However, therapy with IFNs has encountered difficulties due to the size of the molecules, their sensitivity to degradation, and rapid elimination from the blood circulation by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) [25]. The half-life of these cytokines is very short (2-3 hours for IFNα, 10 hours for IFNß, and 4.5 hours for IFNγ) [37][38][39]. This rapid clearance in blood makes administering high nonphysiological doses necessary, preferably parenterally [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forms and Methods for Interferon's Encapsulation

Ramos¹,

Villacis²,

Vispo³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines involved in the immune response that act on innate and adaptive immunity. These proteins are natural cell-signaling glycoproteins expressed in response to viral infections, tumors, and biological inducers and constitute the first line of defense of vertebrates against infectious agents. They have been marketed for more than 30 years with considerable impact on the global therapeutic protein market thanks to their diversity in terms of biological activities. They have been used as single agents or with combination treatment regimens, demonstrating promising clinical results, resulting in 22 different formulations approved by regulatory agencies. The 163 clinical trials with currently active IFNs reinforce their importance as therapeutics for human health. However, their application has presented difficulties due to the molecules’ size, sensitivity to degradation, and rapid elimination from the bloodstream. For some years now, work has been underway to obtain new drug delivery systems to provide adequate therapeutic concentrations for these cytokines, decrease their toxicity and prolong their half-life in the circulation. Although different research groups have presented various formulations that encapsulate IFNs, to date, there is no formulation approved for use in humans. The current review exhibits an updated summary of all encapsulation forms presented in the scientific literature for these cytokines IFNα, IFNß, and IFNγ, from the year 1996 to the year 2021, considering parameters such as: encapsulating matrix, route of administration, and encapsulation.

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Profile of PEGylated interferon beta in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Interferons in the Therapy of Severe Coronavirus Infections: A Critical Analysis and Recollection of a Forgotten Therapeutic Regimen with Interferon Beta

Interferons in the Therapy of Severe Coronavirus Infections: A Critical Analysis and Recollection of a Forgotten Therapeutic Regimen with Interferon Beta

Forms and Methods for Interferon’s Encapsulation

Forms and Methods for Interferon's Encapsulation

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