Profile of the Main Diseases in Wild Animals Treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Centro Universitário Anhanguera in Leme, São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

The retrospective study addressed the casuistry of wild animals treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Centro Universitário Anhanguera in Leme, São Paulo, Brazil. The research analyzed data from the medical history of all wild animals treated between 2009 and 2019, whether free-living or captive, belonging to Brazilian and exotic fauna species, with the aim of understanding the profile and main occurrences related to these animals. Medical records, medical reports, and information about the treated species were reviewed, including diagnoses, treatments, and clinical outcomes. The study revealed a wide variety of treated species, including 21 mammals (41.1%), 17 birds (33.4%), and 13 reptiles (25.5%), totaling 51 species. Dermatological diseases, musculoskeletal conditions, respiratory illnesses, gastrointestinal diseases, intoxications, poisoning, oncological disorders, and theriogenological conditions were observed in all species. Notably, avian species presented musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory illnesses, and other pathologies, while reptiles and mammals showed a higher incidence of dermatological issues. The institution's partnerships with other animal protection organizations facilitated the flow of care and specialized assistance. Additionally, some endangered species were identified, highlighting the veterinary hospital's role in local wildlife conservation, and the university's responsibility to raise awareness among the population to seek professionals who can handle and care for these animals.