Profiles and Source Apportionment of Nonmethane Volatile Organic Compounds in Winter and Summer in Xi’an, China, based on the Hybrid Environmental Receptor Model

Sun, Jian; Shen, Zhenxing; Zhang, Yue; Dai, Wenting; He, Kun; Xu, Hongmei; Zhang, Zhou; Cui, Long; Li, Xuxiang; Huang, Yu; Cao, Junji

doi:10.1007/s00376-020-0153-0

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The ambient temperature in winter suppresses photochemical reactions, while stable meteorological conditions, such as low wind speeds and low boundary layer height, weaken the turbulent exchange and hinder the vertical diffusion of VOCs [53]. This observation was consistent with the environmental measurements from numerous cities, where the concentration of VOCs was even twice as high in winter as in summer [54,55]. However, several points in summer showed high VOC concentrations, which might be related to intense industrial activities.…”

Section: Seasonal Emission Concentration Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 85%

The Impact of Anthropogenic VOC Emissions on Atmospheric Pollution: A Case Study of a Typical Industrialized Area in China

Gao,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Atmosphere

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the main precursors of pollution from ground ozone (O3) and PM2.5, which cause the deterioration of urban air quality. The emissions of VOCs from industrialized areas are significant and their characteristics are complex, which nowadays contribute significantly to the challenges of investigating the emission inventory. Taking a typical industrialized area in Tianjin as a case study, the anthropogenic VOCs emission inventory for 2020 was established in this study by using the activity data from a large-scale survey and the latest emission factors. The impact of VOCs on the environment was analyzed from the perspective of the combined control of PM2.5 and O3. The results showed that the total emission of VOCs in 2020 was about 1.68 Gg, mainly from industrial processes and mobile sources, which accounted for 38.4% and 36.5% of the total emissions, respectively. The top 10 emitted VOCs were toluene, acetone, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene, i-pentane, n-hexane, formaldehyde, benzene, ethyl acetate and ethylene. The dominant species of O3 formation potential (OFP) were almost all aromatic hydrocarbons and alkenes, with m/p-xylene contributing the most to the OFP emissions (8.90%). The top 10 secondary organic aerosols formation potential (SOAP) emission species were aromatic hydrocarbons and long-chain alkanes, and the largest emission came from toluene (39.9%). An analysis of an ADMS diffusion model showed that VOCs emitted from traffic-heavy main roads and industrialized central areas had the greatest impact on the air quality in the surrounding areas. The VOCs concentration was higher in winter due to unfavorable meteorological conditions. Our research updated the VOC inventory of industrialized areas and evaluated VOCs species reactivity and their impact on ambient air quality.

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Section: Seasonal Emission Concentration Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 85%

The Impact of Anthropogenic VOC Emissions on Atmospheric Pollution: A Case Study of a Typical Industrialized Area in China

Gao,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Atmosphere

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“…It was noticed that the seasonal variation trend of outdoor TVOCs in northern India and northern China was conducive to the results of this study, where high TVOCs generally occur in winter and are usually more than double those in summer [94]. This can be attributed to relatively lower photochemical degradation in winter caused by OH radicals, infrequent rain showers, and increased biomass burning and fuel consumption [95][96][97]. Seasonal I/O ratios of TVOCs exceeded 1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Exposure of Elderly People to Indoor Air Pollutants in Wanxia Nursing Home

Zong,

Tian,

Cao

et al. 2023

Buildings

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The elderly residing in nursing homes are typically more advanced in age, have more health issues, and spend more time indoors than other elderly people. This study explored the indoor air quality in the Wanxia nursing home, the largest private nursing home in Chengdu, China, based on long-term measurement data. Air pollutant sensors measured the level of air pollution in the Wanxia nursing home from March 2021 to February 2022. This study obtained several important results: (1) The indoor air quality index (IAQI) of the Wanxia nursing home was at a low pollution level in spring, summer, and autumn, and at a moderate pollution level in winter. PM concentration played the most important role in determining indoor air quality; (2) During winter, the 24 h mean indoor concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were close to or even exceeded the standard limits. During winter and summer nights, indoor CO2 levels were very close to or greater than 1000 ppm. During spring and summer nights, the indoor TVOC concentrations exceeded the limit (0.45 mg/m3); (3) Apart from HCHO concentrations in autumn, the levels of other indoor air pollutants were significantly influenced by their outdoor levels. In addition, the seasonal indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios of CO2 and TVOCs exceeded 1; and (4) Indoor CO2 levels were closely related to indoor temperature (Ta) and relative humidity (RH) in each season. PM10 concentration correlated with Ta and RH in summer, while PM2.5 concentration did not correlate with Ta and RH in winter. The indoor TVOC level positively correlated with RH. Lastly, the indoor HCHO level was minimally influenced by changes in Ta and RH. Due to the above results, this study proposes targeted strategies for improving indoor air quality in nursing homes.

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“…Moreover, aerosol particles were likely present in the semisolid or liquid phase at high RH conditions, which could also facilitate the heterogeneous and aqueous phase chemistry of SO 2 and sulfate particles. Nevertheless, some studies found that the production of isoprene-derived organosulfates was decreased at high RH levels possibly due to the dilution of particle acidity and sulfate nucleophiles. , Given that biogenic isoprene emissions are reported to be generally low in Xi’an and the surrounding areas during wintertime, − the acid-catalyzed uptake of isoprene-derived epoxydiols might be not quite prevalent or at least not a dominant pathway for the OrgS formation in this area.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Enhanced Production of Organosulfur Species during a Severe Winter Haze Episode in the Guanzhong Basin of Northwest China

Han

Zhang

Lou

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

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The molecular composition of organic aerosols in ambient PM 2.5 was investigated in an urban area in the Guanzhong basin of northwest China during a severe regional haze episode in the winter of 2018/2019. Organic matter, accounting for 20−35% of PM 2.5 mass concentration, was characterized using direct infusion and electrospray ionization coupled with high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry. The number of organic molecular formula assignments was primarily dominated by organosulfur species (OrgS, including CHOS and CHONS) in negative ion mode. The number and peak signal intensity of OrgS distinctly increased during the severe haze episode. Organosulfates and nitrooxyorganosulfates constituted the majority number (72−94%) of OrgS over the entire period. Although the OrgS were mostly present in aliphatic molecular structures, an increase in the number of polycyclic aromatic OrgS on haze days revealed the enhanced contribution from anthropogenic sources. The number of OrgS strongly correlated with ambient relative humidity and the oxidation ratios of sulfur and nitrogen, suggesting the important roles of aqueous phase chemistry and atmospheric oxidation in the formation of OrgS. A thorough understanding of the significance of OrgS will be essential to assess and mitigate the adverse impacts of haze pollution.

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Profiles and Source Apportionment of Nonmethane Volatile Organic Compounds in Winter and Summer in Xi’an, China, based on the Hybrid Environmental Receptor Model

Cited by 10 publications

References 79 publications

The Impact of Anthropogenic VOC Emissions on Atmospheric Pollution: A Case Study of a Typical Industrialized Area in China

The Impact of Anthropogenic VOC Emissions on Atmospheric Pollution: A Case Study of a Typical Industrialized Area in China

Exposure of Elderly People to Indoor Air Pollutants in Wanxia Nursing Home

Enhanced Production of Organosulfur Species during a Severe Winter Haze Episode in the Guanzhong Basin of Northwest China

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